test(client-auth): update metadata test to reflect frozen-metadata behavior

Three independent failures allowed an offline attacker with DB write access
to sign transactions using a different wallet's private key:
1. evm_wallet had no HMAC envelope — aead_encrypted_id could be swapped silently.
2. AEAD used a static tag as AAD — any valid ciphertext decrypted as any wallet key.
3. No post-decryption check that the derived address matched the requested wallet.

Fix: sign_entity covers (address, aead_encrypted_id) in a single transaction;
CreateNew/Decrypt take caller-provided AAD (wallet address bytes); after decryption
signer.address() is verified against the requested wallet address.

mise.toml

@@ -22,5 +22,3 @@ run = '''
 dart pub global activate protoc_plugin && \
 protoc --dart_out=grpc:useragent/lib/proto --proto_path=protobufs/ $(find protobufs -name '*.proto' | sort)
 '''
-
-[tasks.generate_schema]

protobufs/operator.proto

@@ -4,28 +4,25 @@ package arbiter.operator;
 
 import "operator/auth.proto";
 import "operator/evm.proto";
-import "operator/governance.proto";
 import "operator/sdk_client.proto";
 import "operator/vault/vault.proto";
 
 message OperatorRequest {
   int32 id = 16;
   oneof payload {
-    auth.Request            auth        = 1;
+    auth.Request auth = 1;
-    vault.Request           vault       = 2;
+    vault.Request vault = 2;
-    evm.Request             evm         = 3;
+    evm.Request evm = 3;
-    sdk_client.Request      sdk_client  = 4;
+    sdk_client.Request sdk_client = 4;
-    governance.Request      governance  = 5;
   }
 }
 
 message OperatorResponse {
   optional int32 id = 16;
   oneof payload {
-    auth.Response           auth        = 1;
+    auth.Response auth = 1;
-    vault.Response          vault       = 2;
+    vault.Response vault = 2;
-    evm.Response            evm         = 3;
+    evm.Response evm = 3;
-    sdk_client.Response     sdk_client  = 4;
+    sdk_client.Response sdk_client = 4;
-    governance.Response     governance  = 5;
   }
 }

protobufs/operator/governance.proto

@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-package arbiter.operator.governance;
-
-message Request {
-  oneof payload {
-    CreateProposalRequest create = 1;
-    CastVoteRequest       vote   = 2;
-    QueryPendingRequest   query  = 3;
-  }
-}
-
-message CreateProposalRequest {
-  oneof kind {
-    ApproveSdkClientPayload         approve_sdk_client          = 1;
-    GrantWalletAccessPayload        grant_wallet_access         = 3;
-    ApproveServerUpdatePayload      approve_server_update       = 4;
-    ReplaceOperatorPayload          replace_operator            = 5;
-    UpdateShamirParametersPayload   update_shamir_parameters    = 6;
-    ApprovePersistentGrantPayload   approve_persistent_grant    = 7;
-    ApproveOneOffTransactionPayload approve_one_off_transaction = 8;
-  }
-  optional uint32 ttl_secs = 2;
-}
-
-message ReplaceOperatorPayload {
-  int32 old_operator_id = 1;
-  bytes new_pubkey      = 2;
-}
-
-message UpdateShamirParametersPayload {
-  uint32 new_n = 1;
-}
-
-message ApproveServerUpdatePayload {}
-
-message ApproveSdkClientPayload {
-  int32 client_id = 1;
-}
-
-message GrantWalletAccessPayload {
-  int32 wallet_id = 1;
-  int32 client_id = 2;
-}
-
-message CastVoteRequest {
-  int32 proposal_id = 1;
-  bool  approve     = 2;
-  bytes signature   = 3;
-}
-
-message QueryPendingRequest {}
-
-message Response {
-  oneof payload {
-    CreateProposalResponse created = 1;
-    VoteResponse           voted   = 2;
-    QueryPendingResponse   pending = 3;
-  }
-}
-
-message CreateProposalResponse {
-  int32 proposal_id = 1;
-}
-
-message VoteResponse {
-  VoteOutcome outcome = 1;
-}
-
-enum VoteOutcome {
-  VOTE_OUTCOME_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
-  VOTE_OUTCOME_PENDING     = 1;
-  VOTE_OUTCOME_APPROVED    = 2;
-  VOTE_OUTCOME_REJECTED    = 3;
-}
-
-message ProposalSummary {
-  int32  id            = 1;
-  string kind          = 2;
-  int32  initiator_id  = 3;
-  int64  expires_at    = 4;
-  int64  approve_count = 5;
-  int64  reject_count  = 6;
-}
-
-message QueryPendingResponse {
-  repeated ProposalSummary proposals = 1;
-}
-
-message TransactionRateLimitProto {
-  uint32 count       = 1;
-  int64  window_secs = 2;
-}
-
-message VolumeLimitProto {
-  bytes max_volume  = 1;
-  int64 window_secs = 2;
-}
-
-message EtherTransferSpecProto {
-  repeated bytes   targets = 1;
-  VolumeLimitProto limit   = 2;
-}
-
-message TokenTransferSpecProto {
-  bytes                     token_contract = 1;
-  optional bytes            target         = 2;
-  repeated VolumeLimitProto volume_limits  = 3;
-}
-
-message ApproveOneOffTransactionPayload {
-  int32  client_id                = 1;
-  bytes  wallet_address           = 2;
-  uint64 chain_id                 = 3;
-  uint64 nonce                    = 4;
-  uint64 gas_limit                = 5;
-  bytes  max_fee_per_gas          = 6;
-  bytes  max_priority_fee_per_gas = 7;
-  bytes  to                       = 8;
-  bytes  value                    = 9;
-  bytes  input                    = 10;
-}
-
-message ApprovePersistentGrantPayload {
-  int32                              wallet_access_id         = 1;
-  uint64                             chain_id                 = 2;
-  optional int64                     valid_from_secs          = 3;
-  optional int64                     valid_until_secs         = 4;
-  optional bytes                     max_gas_fee_per_gas      = 5;
-  optional bytes                     max_priority_fee_per_gas = 6;
-  optional TransactionRateLimitProto rate_limit               = 7;
-  oneof specific {
-    EtherTransferSpecProto ether_transfer = 8;
-    TokenTransferSpecProto token_transfer = 9;
-  }
-}

protobufs/operator/vault/bootstrap.proto

@@ -8,35 +8,15 @@ message BootstrapEncryptedKey {
   bytes associated_data = 3;
 }
 
-message DeclareCommittee {
-  uint32 count          = 1;
-  uint32 recovery_count = 2;
-}
-
-message ContributePassphrase {
-  bytes passphrase = 1;
-}
-
-message ContributeRecoveryPassphrase {
-  int32 recovery_operator_id = 1;
-  bytes passphrase            = 2;
-}
-
 enum BootstrapResult {
   BOOTSTRAP_RESULT_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
   BOOTSTRAP_RESULT_SUCCESS = 1;
   BOOTSTRAP_RESULT_ALREADY_BOOTSTRAPPED = 2;
   BOOTSTRAP_RESULT_INVALID_KEY = 3;
-  BOOTSTRAP_RESULT_AWAITING_CONTRIBUTIONS = 4;
 }
 
 message Request {
-  oneof payload {
+  BootstrapEncryptedKey encrypted_key = 2;
-    BootstrapEncryptedKey        encrypted_key                    = 2;
-    DeclareCommittee             declare_committee                = 3;
-    ContributePassphrase         contribute_passphrase            = 4;
-    ContributeRecoveryPassphrase contribute_recovery_passphrase   = 5;
-  }
 }
 
 message Response {

protobufs/operator/vault/rekey.proto

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-package arbiter.operator.vault.rekey;
-
-message ContributePassphrase {
-  bytes passphrase = 1;
-}
-
-message ContributeRecoveryPassphrase {
-  int32 recovery_operator_id = 1;
-  bytes passphrase           = 2;
-}
-
-enum RekeyResult {
-  REKEY_RESULT_UNSPECIFIED            = 0;
-  REKEY_RESULT_SUCCESS                = 1;
-  REKEY_RESULT_AWAITING_CONTRIBUTIONS = 2;
-  REKEY_RESULT_NOT_IN_PROGRESS        = 3;
-}
-
-message Request {
-  oneof payload {
-    ContributePassphrase         contribute_passphrase          = 1;
-    ContributeRecoveryPassphrase contribute_recovery_passphrase = 2;
-  }
-}
-
-message Response {
-  RekeyResult result = 1;
-}

protobufs/operator/vault/unseal.proto

@@ -15,29 +15,18 @@ message UnsealEncryptedKey {
   bytes associated_data = 3;
 }
 
-message ContributePassphrase {
-  bytes passphrase = 1;
-}
-
-message ContributeRecoveryPassphrase {
-  int32 recovery_operator_id = 1;
-  bytes passphrase            = 2;
-}
-
 enum UnsealResult {
   UNSEAL_RESULT_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
   UNSEAL_RESULT_SUCCESS = 1;
   UNSEAL_RESULT_INVALID_KEY = 2;
   UNSEAL_RESULT_UNBOOTSTRAPPED = 3;
-  UNSEAL_RESULT_AWAITING_CONTRIBUTIONS = 4;
+  UNSEAL_RESULT_LOCKED_OUT = 4;
 }
 
 message Request {
   oneof payload {
-    UnsealStart                  start                          = 1;
+    UnsealStart start = 1;
-    UnsealEncryptedKey           encrypted_key                  = 2;
+    UnsealEncryptedKey encrypted_key = 2;
-    ContributePassphrase         contribute_passphrase          = 3;
-    ContributeRecoveryPassphrase contribute_recovery_passphrase = 4;
   }
 }
 

protobufs/operator/vault/vault.proto

@@ -5,23 +5,20 @@ package arbiter.operator.vault;
 import "google/protobuf/empty.proto";
 import "shared/vault.proto";
 import "operator/vault/bootstrap.proto";
-import "operator/vault/rekey.proto";
 import "operator/vault/unseal.proto";
 
 message Request {
   oneof payload {
     google.protobuf.Empty query_state = 1;
-    unseal.Request        unseal      = 2;
+    unseal.Request unseal = 2;
-    bootstrap.Request     bootstrap   = 3;
+    bootstrap.Request bootstrap = 3;
-    rekey.Request         rekey       = 4;
   }
 }
 
 message Response {
   oneof payload {
-    arbiter.shared.VaultState state     = 1;
+    arbiter.shared.VaultState state = 1;
-    unseal.Response           unseal    = 2;
+    unseal.Response unseal = 2;
-    bootstrap.Response        bootstrap = 3;
+    bootstrap.Response bootstrap = 3;
-    rekey.Response            rekey     = 4;
   }
 }

protobufs/shared/vault.proto

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ package arbiter.shared;
 enum VaultState {
   VAULT_STATE_UNSPECIFIED = 0;
   VAULT_STATE_UNBOOTSTRAPPED = 1;
-  VAULT_STATE_BOOSTRAPPING = 2;
+  VAULT_STATE_SEALED = 2;
-  VAULT_STATE_SEALED = 3;
+  VAULT_STATE_UNSEALED = 3;
-  VAULT_STATE_UNSEALED = 4;
+  VAULT_STATE_ERROR = 4;
-  VAULT_STATE_ERROR = 5;
 }

server/Cargo.lock

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d122413f284cf2d62fb1b7db97e02edb8cda96d769b16e443a4f6195e35662b0"
 dependencies = [
  "crypto-common 0.1.7",
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -769,10 +769,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "mutants",
  "pem",
  "proptest",
- "prost",
  "prost-types",
  "rand 0.10.1",
- "rand_core 0.6.4",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
  "rcgen",
  "restructed",
  "rstest",
@@ -788,7 +787,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "tonic",
  "tracing",
  "tracing-subscriber",
- "vsss-rs",
  "x25519-dalek 2.0.1",
 ]
 
@@ -1286,7 +1284,7 @@ version = "0.10.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3078c7629b62d3f0439517fa394996acacc5cbc91c5a20d8c658e77abd503a71"
 dependencies = [
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1615,22 +1613,8 @@ version = "0.5.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0dc92fb57ca44df6db8059111ab3af99a63d5d0f8375d9972e319a379c6bab76"
 dependencies = [
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
- "serdect 0.2.0",
- "subtle",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "crypto-bigint"
-version = "0.6.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "96272c2ff28b807e09250b180ad1fb7889a3258f7455759b5c3c58b719467130"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
- "rand_core 0.6.4",
- "serdect 0.3.0",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -1641,7 +1625,7 @@ version = "0.1.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "78c8292055d1c1df0cce5d180393dc8cce0abec0a7102adb6c7b1eef6016d60a"
 dependencies = [
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "typenum",
 ]
@@ -1944,7 +1928,7 @@ version = "0.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d3dd60d1080a57a05ab032377049e0591415d2b31afd7028356dbf3cc6dcb066"
 dependencies = [
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2024,7 +2008,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "digest 0.10.7",
  "elliptic-curve",
  "rfc6979",
- "serdect 0.2.0",
+ "serdect",
  "signature 2.2.0",
  "spki 0.7.3",
 ]
@@ -2057,32 +2041,16 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "b5e6043086bf7973472e0c7dff2142ea0b680d30e18d9cc40f267efbf222bd47"
 dependencies = [
  "base16ct",
- "crypto-bigint 0.5.5",
+ "crypto-bigint",
  "digest 0.10.7",
  "ff",
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
  "group",
- "hkdf",
  "pkcs8 0.10.2",
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "sec1",
- "serdect 0.2.0",
+ "serdect",
  "subtle",
- "tap",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "elliptic-curve-tools"
-version = "0.2.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1de2b6fae800f08032a6ea32995b52925b1d451bff9d445c8ab2932323277faf"
-dependencies = [
- "elliptic-curve",
- "heapless",
- "hex",
- "multiexp",
- "serde",
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
@@ -2156,7 +2124,6 @@ version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c0b50bfb653653f9ca9095b427bed08ab8d75a137839d9ad64eb11810d5b6393"
 dependencies = [
- "bitvec",
  "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "subtle",
 ]
@@ -2357,17 +2324,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "generic-array"
-version = "1.4.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "dab9e9188e97a93276e1fe7b56401b851e2b45a46d045ca658100c1303ada649"
-dependencies = [
- "rustversion",
- "serde_core",
- "typenum",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "getrandom"
 version = "0.2.17"
@@ -2451,15 +2407,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "tracing",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "hash32"
-version = "0.3.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "47d60b12902ba28e2730cd37e95b8c9223af2808df9e902d4df49588d1470606"
-dependencies = [
- "byteorder",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.12.3"
@@ -2500,16 +2447,6 @@ version = "0.17.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "4f467dd6dccf739c208452f8014c75c18bb8301b050ad1cfb27153803edb0f51"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "heapless"
-version = "0.8.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0bfb9eb618601c89945a70e254898da93b13be0388091d42117462b265bb3fad"
-dependencies = [
- "hash32",
- "stable_deref_trait",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "heck"
 version = "0.5.0"
@@ -2537,15 +2474,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "arrayvec",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "hkdf"
-version = "0.12.4"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7b5f8eb2ad728638ea2c7d47a21db23b7b58a72ed6a38256b8a1849f15fbbdf7"
-dependencies = [
- "hmac 0.12.1",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "hmac"
 version = "0.12.1"
@@ -2616,7 +2544,6 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "08d46837a0ed51fe95bd3b05de33cd64a1ee88fc797477ca48446872504507c5"
 dependencies = [
  "ctutils",
- "serde",
  "typenum",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -2882,7 +2809,7 @@ version = "0.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "879f10e63c20629ecabbb64a8010319738c66a5cd0c29b02d63d272b03751d01"
 dependencies = [
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3021,7 +2948,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ecdsa",
  "elliptic-curve",
  "once_cell",
- "serdect 0.2.0",
+ "serdect",
  "sha2 0.10.9",
  "signature 2.2.0",
 ]
@@ -3029,7 +2956,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "kameo"
 version = "0.20.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git?rev=3e18ba2#3e18ba24023d0422034e60ff2ea1ecd49e8c3c93"
+source = "git+https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git?rev=805b417#805b41783fe90b54827ecad142b422c7a9b69b9a"
 dependencies = [
  "downcast-rs",
  "dyn-clone",
@@ -3043,7 +2970,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "kameo_actors"
 version = "0.5.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git?rev=3e18ba2#3e18ba24023d0422034e60ff2ea1ecd49e8c3c93"
+source = "git+https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git?rev=805b417#805b41783fe90b54827ecad142b422c7a9b69b9a"
 dependencies = [
  "futures",
  "glob",
@@ -3055,8 +2982,9 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "kameo_macros"
 version = "0.20.0"
-source = "git+https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git?rev=3e18ba2#3e18ba24023d0422034e60ff2ea1ecd49e8c3c93"
+source = "git+https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git?rev=805b417#805b41783fe90b54827ecad142b422c7a9b69b9a"
 dependencies = [
+ "darling 0.23.0",
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -3363,20 +3291,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "multiexp"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7ec2ce93a6f06ac6cae04c1da3f2a6a24fcfc1f0eb0b4e0f3d302f0df45326cb"
-dependencies = [
- "ff",
- "group",
- "rand_core 0.6.4",
- "rustversion",
- "std-shims",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "multimap"
 version = "0.10.1"
@@ -3408,20 +3322,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "num"
-version = "0.4.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "35bd024e8b2ff75562e5f34e7f4905839deb4b22955ef5e73d2fea1b9813cb23"
-dependencies = [
- "num-bigint",
- "num-complex",
- "num-integer",
- "num-iter",
- "num-rational",
- "num-traits",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "num-bigint"
 version = "0.4.6"
@@ -3430,19 +3330,6 @@ checksum = "a5e44f723f1133c9deac646763579fdb3ac745e418f2a7af9cd0c431da1f20b9"
 dependencies = [
  "num-integer",
  "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.6",
- "serde",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-complex"
-version = "0.4.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "73f88a1307638156682bada9d7604135552957b7818057dcef22705b4d509495"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
- "rand 0.8.6",
- "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -3460,29 +3347,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-traits",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "num-iter"
-version = "0.1.45"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1429034a0490724d0075ebb2bc9e875d6503c3cf69e235a8941aa757d83ef5bf"
-dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-rational"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f83d14da390562dca69fc84082e73e548e1ad308d24accdedd2720017cb37824"
-dependencies = [
- "num-bigint",
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
- "serde",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "num-traits"
 version = "0.2.19"
@@ -4591,9 +4455,9 @@ checksum = "d3e97a565f76233a6003f9f5c54be1d9c5bdfa3eccfb189469f11ec4901c47dc"
 dependencies = [
  "base16ct",
  "der 0.7.10",
- "generic-array 0.14.7",
+ "generic-array",
  "pkcs8 0.10.2",
- "serdect 0.2.0",
+ "serdect",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -4759,16 +4623,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "serdect"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f42f67da2385b51a5f9652db9c93d78aeaf7610bf5ec366080b6de810604af53"
-dependencies = [
- "base16ct",
- "serde",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "sha2"
 version = "0.10.9"
@@ -4934,12 +4788,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.61.2",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "spin"
-version = "0.10.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d5fe4ccb98d9c292d56fec89a5e07da7fc4cf0dc11e156b41793132775d3e591"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "spki"
 version = "0.7.3"
@@ -4984,17 +4832,6 @@ version = "1.1.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "std-shims"
-version = "0.1.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "227c4f8561598188d0df96dbe749824576174bba278b5b6bb2eacff1066067d0"
-dependencies = [
- "hashbrown 0.16.1",
- "rustversion",
- "spin",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "string_morph"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -5738,27 +5575,6 @@ version = "0.9.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0b928f33d975fc6ad9f86c8f283853ad26bdd5b10b7f1542aa2fa15e2289105a"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "vsss-rs"
-version = "5.4.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6ec751bdcc8bda099e269b24cc6b4ad14f9ce8b0490c1599174070e792ecd70c"
-dependencies = [
- "crypto-bigint 0.5.5",
- "crypto-bigint 0.6.1",
- "elliptic-curve",
- "elliptic-curve-tools",
- "generic-array 1.4.1",
- "hex",
- "hybrid-array",
- "num",
- "rand_core 0.6.4",
- "serde",
- "sha3 0.10.9",
- "subtle",
- "zeroize",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "wait-timeout"
 version = "0.2.1"
@@ -6446,18 +6262,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zeroize"
-version = "1.8.2"
+version = "1.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b97154e67e32c85465826e8bcc1c59429aaaf107c1e4a9e53c8d8ccd5eff88d0"
+checksum = "e13c156562582aa81c60cb29407084cdb54c4164760106ab78e6c5b0858cf64e"
 dependencies = [
  "zeroize_derive",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zeroize_derive"
-version = "1.4.3"
+version = "1.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "85a5b4158499876c763cb03bc4e49185d3cccbabb15b33c627f7884f43db852e"
+checksum = "3c50655cbb0fe3fc43170059e702f1ce5e19b84cec58dc87b037a09935c2f328"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",

server/Cargo.toml

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ base64 = "0.22.1"
 chrono = { version = "0.4.44", features = ["serde"] }
 futures = "0.3.32"
 k256 = { version = "0.13.4", features = ["ecdsa", "pkcs8"] }
-kameo = {git = "https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git", rev = "3e18ba2"}
+kameo = {git = "https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git", rev = "805b417"}
-kameo_actors = {git = "https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git", rev = "3e18ba2"}
+kameo_actors = {git = "https://github.com/hdbg/kameo.git", rev = "805b417"}
 hmac = "0.13.0"
 miette = { version = "7.6.0", features = ["fancy", "serde"] }
 ml-dsa = { version = "0.1.0-rc.9", features = ["zeroize"] }
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ mutants = "0.0.4"
 prost = "0.14.3"
 prost-types = { version = "0.14.3", features = ["chrono"] }
 rand = "0.10.1"
+rand_core = "0.10.1"
 rcgen = { version = "0.14.7", features = [ "aws_lc_rs",  "pem", "x509-parser", "zeroize" ], default-features = false }
 rstest = "0.26.1"
 rustls = { version = "0.23.40", features = ["aws-lc-rs", "logging", "prefer-post-quantum", "std"], default-features = false }
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ needless_pass_by_ref_mut = "allow"
 pub_underscore_fields = "allow"
 redundant_pub_crate = "allow" 
 uninhabited_references = "allow" # safe with unsafe_code = "forbid" and standard uninhabited pattern (match *self {})
+too-many-lines = "allow" # this is a very common pattern in server code, and it's not always possible to break it down into smaller modules without hurting readability
 
 # restriction lints
 alloc_instead_of_core = "warn"
@@ -106,6 +108,7 @@ indexing_slicing = "warn"
 infinite_loop = "warn"
 inline_asm_x86_att_syntax = "warn"
 inline_asm_x86_intel_syntax = "warn"
+integer_division = "warn"
 large_include_file = "warn"
 lossy_float_literal = "warn"
 map_with_unused_argument_over_ranges = "warn"

server/clippy.toml

@@ -26,5 +26,3 @@ trait-assoc-item-kinds-order = [
     "type",
     "fn",
 ] # community tested standard
-
-too-many-lines-threshold = 150

server/crates/arbiter-client/src/auth.rs

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ async fn send_auth_challenge_solution(
     key: &SigningKey,
     challenge: AuthChallenge,
 ) -> Result<(), AuthError> {
-    let timestamp = DateTime::from_timestamp_nanos(challenge.timestamp_nanos as i64);
+    let timestamp = DateTime::from_timestamp_nanos(challenge.timestamp_nanos.cast_signed());
     let challenge = authn::AuthChallenge {
         nonce: *challenge
             .random

server/crates/arbiter-crypto/src/authn/v1.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ use rand::RngExt;
 
 pub static CLIENT_CONTEXT: &[u8] = b"arbiter_client";
 pub static OPERATOR_CONTEXT: &[u8] = b"arbiter_operator";
-pub static GOVERNANCE_CONTEXT: &[u8] = b"arbiter_governance_vote";
 
 const NONCE_SIZE: usize = 32;
 
@@ -91,11 +90,6 @@ impl PublicKey {
         self.0
             .verify_with_context(&challenge, context, &signature.0)
     }
-
-    #[must_use]
-    pub fn verify_message(&self, message: &[u8], context: &[u8], signature: &Signature) -> bool {
-        self.0.verify_with_context(message, context, &signature.0)
-    }
 }
 
 impl Signature {

server/crates/arbiter-crypto/src/safecell.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub trait SafeCellHandle<T> {
     fn read(&mut self) -> Self::CellRead<'_>;
     fn write(&mut self) -> Self::CellWrite<'_>;
 
-    fn new_inline_default<F>(f: F) -> Self
+    fn new_inline<F>(f: F) -> Self
     where
         Self: Sized,
         T: Default,
@@ -36,14 +36,6 @@ pub trait SafeCellHandle<T> {
         cell
     }
 
-    fn new_inline<F>(f: Box<F>) -> Self
-    where
-        Self: Sized,
-        F: for<'a> FnOnce() -> T,
-    {
-        Self::new(f())
-    }
-
     #[inline(always)]
     fn read_inline<F, R>(&mut self, f: F) -> R
     where

server/crates/arbiter-proto/src/lib.rs

@@ -23,10 +23,6 @@ pub mod proto {
             tonic::include_proto!("arbiter.operator.evm");
         }
 
-        pub mod governance {
-            tonic::include_proto!("arbiter.operator.governance");
-        }
-
         pub mod sdk_client {
             tonic::include_proto!("arbiter.operator.sdk_client");
         }
@@ -38,10 +34,6 @@ pub mod proto {
                 tonic::include_proto!("arbiter.operator.vault.bootstrap");
             }
 
-            pub mod rekey {
-                tonic::include_proto!("arbiter.operator.vault.rekey");
-            }
-
             pub mod unseal {
                 tonic::include_proto!("arbiter.operator.vault.unseal");
             }

server/crates/arbiter-server/Cargo.toml

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ diesel_migrations = { version = "2.3.2", features = ["sqlite"] }
 async-trait.workspace = true
 tokio-stream.workspace = true
 rand.workspace = true
+rand_core.workspace = true
 rcgen.workspace = true
 chrono.workspace = true
 kameo.workspace = true
@@ -42,7 +43,6 @@ pem = "3.0.6"
 sha2.workspace = true
 hmac.workspace = true
 alloy.workspace = true
-prost.workspace = true
 prost-types.workspace = true
 arbiter-tokens-registry.path = "../arbiter-tokens-registry"
 anyhow = "1.0.102"
@@ -51,8 +51,6 @@ subtle = "2.6.1"
 x25519-dalek.workspace = true
 k256.workspace = true
 kameo_actors.workspace = true
-vsss-rs = "5.4.0"
-rand_core = "0.6"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 proptest = "1.11.0"

server/crates/arbiter-server/migrations/2026-02-14-171124-0000_init/up.sql

@@ -43,25 +43,13 @@ create table if not exists arbiter_settings (
 insert into arbiter_settings (id) values (1) on conflict do nothing;
 -- ensure singleton row exists
 
-create table if not exists operator_identity (
+create table if not exists operator_client (
     id integer not null primary key,
     public_key blob not null,
     created_at integer not null default(unixepoch ('now')),
     updated_at integer not null default(unixepoch ('now'))
 ) STRICT;
-create unique index if not exists uniq_operator_identity_public_key on operator_identity (public_key);
+create unique index if not exists uniq_operator_client_public_key on operator_client (public_key);
-
-create table if not exists operator (
-    id integer primary key references operator_identity(id) on delete restrict, -- same id as operator_identity
-
-    share blob not null,
-    share_nonce blob not null,
-    share_salt blob not null default (randomblob(32)),
-
-    created_at integer not null default(unixepoch ('now')),
-    updated_at integer not null default(unixepoch ('now'))
-
-) STRICT;
 
 create table if not exists client_metadata (
     id integer not null primary key,
@@ -216,73 +204,3 @@ create table if not exists integrity_envelope (
 ) STRICT;
 
 create unique index if not exists uniq_integrity_envelope_entity on integrity_envelope (entity_kind, entity_id);
-
-create table if not exists proposal (
-    id           integer not null primary key,
-    kind         text    not null,
-    payload      blob    not null,
-    initiator_id integer not null references operator_identity(id) on delete restrict,
-    created_at   integer not null default(unixepoch('now')),
-    expires_at   integer not null,
-    status       text    not null default 'pending'
-        check (status in ('pending', 'approved', 'rejected', 'expired'))
-) STRICT;
-
-create table if not exists proposal_vote (
-    id          integer not null primary key,
-    proposal_id integer not null references proposal(id) on delete cascade,
-    operator_id integer not null references operator_identity(id) on delete restrict,
-    approve     integer not null check (approve in (0, 1)),
-    signature   blob    not null,
-    voted_at    integer not null default(unixepoch('now')),
-    unique (proposal_id, operator_id)
-) STRICT;
-
-
-create table if not exists proposal_result (
-    proposal_id integer not null primary key references proposal(id) on delete cascade,
-    data        blob    not null,
-    created_at  integer not null default(unixepoch('now'))
-) STRICT;
-
--- ===============================
--- Recovery Operators (§3.4/§3.5/§3.6)
--- ===============================
-
--- Encrypted Shamir shares for recovery operators (mirrors the `operator` table).
-create table if not exists recovery_operator (
-    id          integer not null primary key references recovery_operator_identity(id) on delete restrict,
-    share       blob    not null,
-    share_nonce blob    not null,
-    share_salt  blob    not null,
-    created_at  integer not null default(unixepoch('now')),
-    updated_at  integer not null default(unixepoch('now'))
-) STRICT;
-
-create table if not exists recovery_operator_identity (
-    id         integer not null primary key,
-    public_key blob    not null unique,
-    created_at integer not null default(unixepoch('now')),
-    updated_at integer not null default(unixepoch('now'))
-) STRICT;
-
--- One active wakeup request at a time. A request is pending when cancelled_at IS NULL
--- and requested_at + 14 days > now. It becomes active (recovery live) after 14 days.
-create table if not exists recovery_wakeup_request (
-    id           integer not null primary key,
-    requested_by integer not null references operator_identity(id) on delete restrict,
-    requested_at integer not null default(unixepoch('now')),
-    cancelled_by integer references operator_identity(id) on delete restrict,
-    cancelled_at integer
-) STRICT;
-
--- Votes cast by recovery operators; only allowed on replace_operator proposals.
-create table if not exists recovery_proposal_vote (
-    id                   integer not null primary key,
-    proposal_id          integer not null references proposal(id) on delete cascade,
-    recovery_operator_id integer not null references recovery_operator_identity(id) on delete restrict,
-    approve              integer not null check (approve in (0, 1)),
-    signature            blob    not null,
-    voted_at             integer not null default(unixepoch('now')),
-    unique (proposal_id, recovery_operator_id)
-) STRICT;

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/bootstrap.rs

@@ -1,29 +1,48 @@
 use crate::db::{self, DatabasePool, schema};
+use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
 use arbiter_proto::{BOOTSTRAP_PATH, home_path};
 
 use diesel::QueryDsl;
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
 use kameo::{Actor, messages};
-use rand::{RngExt, distr::Alphanumeric, make_rng, rngs::StdRng};
+use rand::{RngExt, distr::Alphanumeric, rngs::SysRng};
+use rand_core::UnwrapErr;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use subtle::ConstantTimeEq as _;
 use thiserror::Error;
+use tracing::warn;
 
 const TOKEN_LENGTH: usize = 64;
 
-pub async fn generate_token() -> Result<String, std::io::Error> {
+async fn write_token_file(path: &Path, content: &str) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
-    let rng: StdRng = make_rng();
+    tokio::fs::write(path, content.as_bytes()).await?;
 
-    let token = rng.sample_iter(Alphanumeric).take(TOKEN_LENGTH).fold(
+    #[cfg(unix)]
-        String::default(),
+    {
-        |mut accum, char| {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt as _;
-            accum += char.to_string().as_str();
+        tokio::fs::set_permissions(path, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o600)).await?;
-            accum
+    }
-        },
-    );
 
-    tokio::fs::write(home_path()?.join(BOOTSTRAP_PATH), token.as_str()).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
 
-    Ok(token)
+async fn generate_token(path: &Path) -> Result<SafeCell<[u8; TOKEN_LENGTH]>, std::io::Error> {
+    let mut cell = SafeCell::new([0u8; TOKEN_LENGTH]);
+    {
+        let mut buf = cell.write();
+        for (slot, b) in buf
+            .iter_mut()
+            .zip(UnwrapErr(SysRng).sample_iter(Alphanumeric))
+        {
+            *slot = b;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let token_str = cell.read_inline(|buf| String::from_utf8_lossy(buf.as_ref()).into_owned());
+
+    write_token_file(path, &token_str).await?;
+
+    Ok(cell)
 }
 
 #[derive(Error, Debug)]
@@ -40,7 +59,8 @@ pub enum Error {
 
 #[derive(Actor)]
 pub struct Bootstrapper {
-    token: Option<String>,
+    token: Option<SafeCell<[u8; TOKEN_LENGTH]>>,
+    token_path: Option<PathBuf>,
 }
 
 impl Bootstrapper {
@@ -48,40 +68,43 @@ impl Bootstrapper {
         let row_count: i64 = {
             let mut conn = db.get().await?;
 
-            schema::operator::table
+            schema::operator_client::table
                 .count()
                 .get_result(&mut conn)
                 .await?
         };
 
-        let token = if row_count == 0 {
+        let (token, token_path) = if row_count == 0 {
-            let token = generate_token().await?;
+            let path = home_path()?.join(BOOTSTRAP_PATH);
-            Some(token)
+            let token = generate_token(&path).await?;
+            (Some(token), Some(path))
         } else {
-            None
+            (None, None)
         };
 
-        Ok(Self { token })
+        Ok(Self { token, token_path })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Bootstrapper {
+    fn is_correct_token(&mut self, token: &[u8]) -> bool {
+        self.token.as_mut().is_some_and(|expected| {
+            expected.read_inline(|exp| bool::from(exp.as_ref().ct_eq(token)))
+        })
     }
 }
 
 #[messages]
 impl Bootstrapper {
     #[message]
-    pub fn is_correct_token(&self, token: String) -> bool {
+    pub async fn consume_token(&mut self, token: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
-        self.token.as_ref().is_some_and(|expected| {
+        if self.is_correct_token(&token) {
-            let expected_bytes = expected.as_bytes();
-            let token_bytes = token.as_bytes();
-
-            let choice = expected_bytes.ct_eq(token_bytes);
-            bool::from(choice)
-        })
-    }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub fn consume_token(&mut self, token: String) -> bool {
-        if self.is_correct_token(token) {
             self.token = None;
+            if let Some(path) = self.token_path.take()
+                && let Err(e) = tokio::fs::remove_file(&path).await
+            {
+                warn!(error = ?e, path = ?path, "Failed to delete bootstrap token file after consumption");
+            }
             true
         } else {
             false
@@ -92,7 +115,9 @@ impl Bootstrapper {
 #[messages]
 impl Bootstrapper {
     #[message]
-    pub fn get_token(&self) -> Option<String> {
+    pub fn get_token(&mut self) -> Option<String> {
-        self.token.clone()
+        self.token
+            .as_mut()
+            .map(|cell| cell.read_inline(|buf| String::from_utf8_lossy(buf.as_ref()).into_owned()))
     }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/evm/mod.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use crate::{
     actors::vault::{CreateNew, Decrypt, Vault},
-    crypto::integrity,
+    crypto::integrity::{self, Integrable},
     db::{
         DatabaseError, DatabasePool,
-        models::{self, EvmWalletId},
+        models::{self},
         schema,
     },
     evm::{
@@ -25,14 +25,35 @@ use diesel::{
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
 use kameo::{Actor, actor::ActorRef, messages};
 use rand::{SeedableRng, rng, rngs::StdRng};
+use tracing::error;
 
 pub use crate::evm::safe_signer;
 
+/// Integrity guard that binds a wallet's encrypted key ID to its Ethereum address.
+/// Both fields are included in the HMAC — swapping `aead_encrypted_id` in the DB
+/// invalidates the envelope MAC, and the AEAD ciphertext is also bound to `address`
+/// as AAD, so decryption fails too.
+#[derive(arbiter_macros::Hashable)]
+struct EvmWalletIntegrity {
+    aead_encrypted_id: i32,
+    address: Address,
+}
+
+impl Integrable for EvmWalletIntegrity {
+    const KIND: &'static str = "evm_wallet";
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
 pub enum SignTransactionError {
     #[error("Wallet not found")]
     WalletNotFound,
 
+    #[error("Decrypted key does not match requested wallet address")]
+    KeyAddressMismatch,
+
+    #[error("Internal signing error")]
+    Internal,
+
     #[error("Database error: {0}")]
     Database(#[from] DatabaseError),
 
@@ -64,6 +85,12 @@ pub enum Error {
     Integrity(#[from] integrity::Error),
 }
 
+impl From<diesel::result::Error> for Error {
+    fn from(e: diesel::result::Error) -> Self {
+        Self::Database(DatabaseError::from(e))
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Actor)]
 pub struct EvmActor {
     pub vault: ActorRef<Vault>,
@@ -97,26 +124,45 @@ impl EvmActor {
 
         let aead_id: i32 = self
             .vault
-            .ask(CreateNew { plaintext })
+            .ask(CreateNew {
+                plaintext,
+                aad: address.as_slice().to_vec(),
+            })
             .await
             .map_err(|_| Error::VaultSend)?;
 
         let mut conn = self.db.get().await.map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
-        let wallet_id = insert_into(schema::evm_wallet::table)
+        let wallet_id = conn
-            .values(&models::NewEvmWallet {
+            .exclusive_transaction(async |conn| {
-                address: address.as_slice().to_vec(),
+                let wallet_id: i32 = insert_into(schema::evm_wallet::table)
-                aead_encrypted_id: aead_id,
+                    .values(&models::NewEvmWallet {
+                        address: address.as_slice().to_vec(),
+                        aead_encrypted_id: aead_id,
+                    })
+                    .returning(schema::evm_wallet::id)
+                    .get_result(conn)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(DatabaseError::from)
+                    .map_err(Error::Database)?;
+
+                integrity::sign_entity(
+                    conn,
+                    &self.vault,
+                    &EvmWalletIntegrity { address, aead_encrypted_id: aead_id },
+                    wallet_id,
+                )
+                .await
+                .map_err(Error::Integrity)?;
+
+                Ok::<i32, Error>(wallet_id)
             })
-            .returning(schema::evm_wallet::id)
+            .await?;
-            .get_result(&mut conn)
-            .await
-            .map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
 
         Ok((wallet_id, address))
     }
 
     #[message]
-    pub async fn list_wallets(&self) -> Result<Vec<(EvmWalletId, Address)>, Error> {
+    pub async fn list_wallets(&self) -> Result<Vec<(i32, Address)>, Error> {
         let mut conn = self.db.get().await.map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
         let rows: Vec<models::EvmWallet> = schema::evm_wallet::table
             .select(models::EvmWallet::as_select())
@@ -160,23 +206,14 @@ impl EvmActor {
     }
 
     #[message]
-    pub async fn operator_delete_grant(&mut self, grant_id: i32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub async fn useragent_delete_grant(
-        let mut conn = self.db.get().await.map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
+        &mut self,
-
+        grant_id: i32,
-        let affected = diesel::update(schema::evm_basic_grant::table)
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-            .filter(schema::evm_basic_grant::id.eq(grant_id))
+        self.engine
-            .set(schema::evm_basic_grant::revoked_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()))
+            .revoke_grant(grant_id)
-            .execute(&mut conn)
             .await
-            .map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
+            .map_err(Error::from)
-
-        if affected == 0 {
-            return Err(Error::Database(DatabaseError::from(
-                diesel::result::Error::NotFound,
-            )));
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
     }
 
     #[message]
@@ -250,16 +287,51 @@ impl EvmActor {
             .ok_or(SignTransactionError::WalletNotFound)?;
         drop(conn);
 
+        let mut conn = self.db.get().await.map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
+        let attestation = integrity::verify_entity(
+            &mut conn,
+            &self.vault,
+            &EvmWalletIntegrity {
+                address: wallet_address,
+                aead_encrypted_id: wallet.aead_encrypted_id,
+            },
+            wallet.id,
+        )
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            error!(?e, wallet_id = wallet.id, "EVM wallet integrity check failed");
+            SignTransactionError::Internal
+        })?;
+        drop(conn);
+
+        if attestation != integrity::AttestationStatus::Attested {
+            error!(
+                wallet_id = wallet.id,
+                "EVM wallet integrity unavailable; refusing to sign"
+            );
+            return Err(SignTransactionError::Internal);
+        }
+
         let raw_key: SafeCell<Vec<u8>> = self
             .vault
             .ask(Decrypt {
                 aead_id: wallet.aead_encrypted_id,
+                aad: wallet.address.clone(),
             })
             .await
             .map_err(|_| SignTransactionError::VaultSend)?;
 
         let signer = safe_signer::SafeSigner::from_cell(raw_key)?;
 
+        if signer.address() != wallet_address {
+            error!(
+                expected = %wallet_address,
+                actual = %signer.address(),
+                "Decrypted private key address does not match requested wallet"
+            );
+            return Err(SignTransactionError::KeyAddressMismatch);
+        }
+
         self.engine
             .evaluate_transaction(wallet_access, transaction.clone(), RunKind::Execution)
             .await?;

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/flow_coordinator/client_connect_approval.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ use kameo::{
     prelude::{ActorId, ActorRef, ActorStopReason, Context, WeakActorRef},
     reply::ReplySender,
 };
-use std::ops::ControlFlow;
+use std::{ops::ControlFlow, time::Duration};
+
+const APPROVAL_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
 
 pub struct Args {
     pub client: ClientProfile,
@@ -64,6 +66,14 @@ impl Actor for ClientApprovalController {
                 .await;
         }
 
+        let weak = actor_ref.downgrade();
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            tokio::time::sleep(APPROVAL_TIMEOUT).await;
+            if let Some(r) = weak.upgrade() {
+                let _ = r.tell(OnApprovalTimeout {}).await;
+            }
+        });
+
         Ok(this)
     }
 
@@ -104,4 +114,14 @@ impl ClientApprovalController {
             ctx.stop();
         }
     }
+
+    /// Fired after `APPROVAL_TIMEOUT` elapses. Any operator that hasn't responded
+    /// by then is treated as a denial to prevent zombie sessions from blocking the flow.
+    #[message(ctx)]
+    pub fn on_approval_timeout(&mut self, ctx: &mut Context<Self, ()>) {
+        if self.pending > 0 {
+            self.send_reply(Ok(false));
+            ctx.stop();
+        }
+    }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/flow_coordinator/mod.rs

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ pub mod client_connect_approval;
 
 pub struct FlowCoordinator {
     pub clients: HashMap<ActorId, ActorRef<ClientSession>>,
+    /// Maps DB `client_id` → `ActorId` for fast connected-client lookup.
+    client_ids: HashMap<i32, ActorId>,
     operator_registry: ActorRef<OperatorRegistry>,
 }
 
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ impl FlowCoordinator {
     pub fn new(operator_registry: ActorRef<OperatorRegistry>) -> Self {
         Self {
             clients: HashMap::default(),
+            client_ids: HashMap::default(),
             operator_registry,
         }
     }
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@ impl Actor for FlowCoordinator {
         _: ActorStopReason,
     ) -> Result<ControlFlow<ActorStopReason>, Self::Error> {
         if self.clients.remove(&id).is_some() {
+            self.client_ids.retain(|_, actor_id| *actor_id != id);
             info!(
                 ?id,
                 actor = "FlowCoordinator",
@@ -75,14 +79,28 @@ impl FlowCoordinator {
     #[message(ctx)]
     pub async fn register_client(
         &mut self,
+        client_id: i32,
         actor: ActorRef<ClientSession>,
         ctx: &mut Context<Self, ()>,
     ) {
-        info!(id = %actor.id(), actor = "FlowCoordinator", event = "client.connected");
+        info!(id = %actor.id(), client_id, actor = "FlowCoordinator", event = "client.connected");
         ctx.actor_ref().link(&actor).await;
+        self.client_ids.insert(client_id, actor.id());
         self.clients.insert(actor.id(), actor);
     }
 
+    #[message]
+    pub fn is_client_connected(&self, client_id: i32) -> bool {
+        self.client_ids.contains_key(&client_id)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the DB `client_ids` of all currently connected SDK clients.
+    /// Used by operator sessions on startup to seed their approved-client set.
+    #[message]
+    pub fn get_connected_client_ids(&self) -> Vec<i32> {
+        self.client_ids.keys().copied().collect()
+    }
+
     #[message(ctx)]
     pub async fn request_client_approval(
         &mut self,

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use crate::{
     actors::{
         bootstrap::Bootstrapper, evm::EvmActor, flow_coordinator::FlowCoordinator,
-        operator_registry::OperatorRegistry, proposal_manager::ProposalManager, vault::Vault,
+        operator_registry::OperatorRegistry, vault::Vault,
-        vault_coordinator::VaultCoordinator,
     },
     db,
 };
@@ -15,9 +14,7 @@ pub mod bootstrap;
 pub mod evm;
 pub mod flow_coordinator;
 pub mod operator_registry;
-pub mod proposal_manager;
 pub mod vault;
-pub mod vault_coordinator;
 
 #[derive(Error, Debug)]
 pub enum SpawnError {
@@ -33,11 +30,9 @@ pub enum SpawnError {
 pub struct GlobalActors {
     pub vault: ActorRef<Vault>,
     pub bootstrapper: ActorRef<Bootstrapper>,
-    pub vault_coordinator: ActorRef<VaultCoordinator>,
     pub flow_coordinator: ActorRef<FlowCoordinator>,
     pub operator_registry: ActorRef<OperatorRegistry>,
     pub evm: ActorRef<EvmActor>,
-    pub proposal_manager: ActorRef<ProposalManager>,
     pub events: ActorRef<MessageBus>,
 }
 
@@ -50,27 +45,15 @@ impl GlobalActors {
         let message_bus = Self::spawn_message_bus();
         let key_holder = Vault::spawn(Vault::new(db.clone(), message_bus.clone()).await?);
         let operator_registry = OperatorRegistry::spawn(OperatorRegistry::default());
-        let evm = EvmActor::spawn(EvmActor::new(key_holder.clone(), db.clone()));
-        let vault_coordinator = VaultCoordinator::spawn(VaultCoordinator::new(
-            db.clone(),
-            key_holder.clone(),
-        ));
         Ok(Self {
             bootstrapper: Bootstrapper::spawn(Bootstrapper::new(&db).await?),
-            proposal_manager: ProposalManager::spawn(ProposalManager::new(
+            evm: EvmActor::spawn(EvmActor::new(key_holder.clone(), db)),
-                db,
-                key_holder.clone(),
-                evm.clone(),
-                vault_coordinator.clone(),
-            )),
             vault: key_holder,
-            vault_coordinator,
             flow_coordinator: FlowCoordinator::spawn(FlowCoordinator::new(
                 operator_registry.clone(),
             )),
             operator_registry,
             events: message_bus,
-            evm,
         })
     }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/vault/mod.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 use crate::{
     crypto::{
-        KeyCell,
+        KeyCell, derive_key,
         encryption::v1::{self, Nonce},
         integrity::v1::HmacSha256,
     },
     db::{
         self,
-        models::{self, RootKeyHistory, RootKeyHistoryId},
+        models::{self, RootKeyHistory},
-        schema,
+        schema::{self},
     },
 };
 use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
@@ -22,9 +22,10 @@ use hmac::{KeyInit as _, Mac as _};
 use kameo::{Actor, Reply, actor::ActorRef, messages};
 use kameo_actors::message_bus::{MessageBus, Publish};
 use strum::{EnumDiscriminants, IntoDiscriminant};
-use tracing::{error, info};
+use tracing::{error, info, warn};
 
 pub mod events {
+
     #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
     pub struct Bootstrapped;
 
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ pub enum Error {
     Sealed,
     #[error("Invalid key provided")]
     InvalidKey,
+    #[error("Vault locked: too many failed unseal attempts")]
+    LockedOut,
 
     #[error("Requested aead entry not found")]
     NotFound,
@@ -60,10 +63,13 @@ pub enum Error {
 
     #[error("Broken database")]
     BrokenDatabase,
+
+    #[error("Integrity key version mismatch: envelope uses key {envelope}, current key is {current}")]
+    KeyVersionMismatch { envelope: i32, current: i32 },
 }
 
 struct Unsealed {
-    root_key_history_id: RootKeyHistoryId,
+    root_key_history_id: i32,
     root_key: KeyCell,
 }
 
@@ -72,13 +78,14 @@ struct Unsealed {
 enum State {
     #[default]
     Unbootstrapped,
-
     Sealed {
-        root_key_history_id: RootKeyHistoryId,
+        root_key_history_id: i32,
     },
     Unsealed(Unsealed),
 }
 
+const MAX_UNSEAL_ATTEMPTS: u32 = 5;
+
 /// Manages vault root key and tracks current state of the vault (bootstrapped/unbootstrapped, sealed/unsealed).
 ///
 /// Provides API for encrypting and decrypting data using the vault root key.
@@ -88,8 +95,10 @@ pub struct Vault {
     db: db::DatabasePool,
     state: State,
     events: ActorRef<MessageBus>,
+    unseal_failures: u32,
 }
 
+#[messages]
 impl Vault {
     pub async fn new(db: db::DatabasePool, events: ActorRef<MessageBus>) -> Result<Self, Error> {
         let state = {
@@ -109,15 +118,12 @@ impl Vault {
             }
         };
 
-        Ok(Self { db, state, events })
+        Ok(Self { db, state, events, unseal_failures: 0 })
     }
 
-    // Exclusive transaction to avoid race conditions if multiple vaults write
+    // Exclusive transaction to avoid race condtions if multiple vaults write
     // additional layer of protection against nonce-reuse
-    async fn get_new_nonce(
+    async fn get_new_nonce(pool: &db::DatabasePool, root_key_id: i32) -> Result<Nonce, Error> {
-        pool: &db::DatabasePool,
-        root_key_id: RootKeyHistoryId,
-    ) -> Result<Nonce, Error> {
         let mut conn = pool.get().await?;
 
         let nonce = conn
@@ -130,7 +136,7 @@ impl Vault {
 
                 let mut nonce = Nonce::try_from(current_nonce.as_slice()).map_err(|()| {
                     error!(
-                        "Broken database: invalid nonce for root key history id={:#?}",
+                        "Broken database: invalid nonce for root key history id={}",
                         root_key_id
                     );
                     Error::BrokenDatabase
@@ -157,47 +163,43 @@ impl Vault {
             State::Sealed { .. } => Err(Error::Sealed),
         }
     }
-}
 
-#[messages]
-impl Vault {
     #[message]
-    pub async fn bootstrap(&mut self, mut seal_key: KeyCell) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub async fn bootstrap(&mut self, seal_key_raw: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        if !matches!(&self.state, State::Unbootstrapped) {
+        if !matches!(self.state, State::Unbootstrapped) {
             return Err(Error::AlreadyBootstrapped);
         }
-
+        let salt = v1::generate_salt();
+        let mut seal_key = derive_key(seal_key_raw, &salt);
         let mut root_key = KeyCell::new_secure_random();
 
         // Zero nonces are fine because they are one-time
         let root_key_nonce = Nonce::default();
         let data_encryption_nonce = Nonce::default();
 
-        // Generate salt (kept for schema compat)
+        let root_key_ciphertext: Vec<u8> = root_key.0.read_inline(|reader| {
-        let root_key_salt = v1::generate_salt();
+            let root_key_reader = reader.as_slice();
-
-        let root_key_ciphertext: Vec<u8> = root_key.0.read_inline(|rk| {
             seal_key
-                .encrypt(&root_key_nonce, v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG, rk.as_slice())
+                .encrypt(&root_key_nonce, v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG, root_key_reader)
                 .map_err(|err| {
                     error!(?err, "Fatal bootstrap error");
                     Error::Encryption(err)
                 })
         })?;
 
-        let data_encryption_nonce_bytes = data_encryption_nonce.to_vec();
         let mut conn = self.db.get().await?;
 
+        let data_encryption_nonce_bytes = data_encryption_nonce.to_vec();
         let root_key_history_id = conn
             .transaction(async |conn| {
-                let root_key_history_id = insert_into(schema::root_key_history::table)
+                let root_key_history_id: i32 = insert_into(schema::root_key_history::table)
                     .values(&models::NewRootKeyHistory {
                         ciphertext: root_key_ciphertext.clone(),
                         tag: v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG.to_vec(),
                         root_key_encryption_nonce: root_key_nonce.to_vec(),
                         data_encryption_nonce: data_encryption_nonce_bytes.clone(),
                         schema_version: 1,
-                        salt: root_key_salt.to_vec(),
+                        salt: salt.to_vec(),
                     })
                     .returning(schema::root_key_history::id)
                     .get_result(&mut *conn)
@@ -208,9 +210,7 @@ impl Vault {
                     .execute(&mut *conn)
                     .await?;
 
-                Result::<_, diesel::result::Error>::Ok(RootKeyHistoryId::from_raw(
+                Result::<_, diesel::result::Error>::Ok(root_key_history_id)
-                    root_key_history_id,
-                ))
             })
             .await?;
 
@@ -226,47 +226,70 @@ impl Vault {
     }
 
     #[message]
-    pub async fn try_unseal(&mut self, mut seal_key: KeyCell) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub async fn try_unseal(&mut self, seal_key_raw: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if self.unseal_failures >= MAX_UNSEAL_ATTEMPTS {
+            return Err(Error::LockedOut);
+        }
+
         let State::Sealed {
             root_key_history_id,
         } = &self.state
         else {
             return Err(Error::NotBootstrapped);
         };
-        let root_key_history_id = *root_key_history_id;
 
-        // We don't want to hold connection while doing expensive work
+        // We don't want to hold connection while doing expensive KDF work
         let current_key = {
             let mut conn = self.db.get().await?;
             schema::root_key_history::table
-                .filter(schema::root_key_history::id.eq(root_key_history_id))
+                .filter(schema::root_key_history::id.eq(*root_key_history_id))
                 .select(RootKeyHistory::as_select())
                 .first(&mut conn)
                 .await?
         };
 
+        let salt = &current_key.salt;
+        let salt = v1::Salt::try_from(salt.as_slice()).map_err(|_| {
+            error!("Broken database: invalid salt for root key");
+            Error::BrokenDatabase
+        })?;
+        let mut seal_key = derive_key(seal_key_raw, &salt);
+
+        let mut root_key = SafeCell::new(current_key.ciphertext.clone());
+
         let nonce =
             Nonce::try_from(current_key.root_key_encryption_nonce.as_slice()).map_err(|()| {
                 error!("Broken database: invalid nonce for root key");
                 Error::BrokenDatabase
             })?;
 
-        let mut root_key_bytes = SafeCell::new(current_key.ciphertext.clone());
+        if seal_key
-        seal_key
+            .decrypt_in_place(&nonce, v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG, &mut root_key)
-            .decrypt_in_place(&nonce, v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG, &mut root_key_bytes)
+            .is_err()
-            .map_err(|err| {
+        {
-                error!(?err, "Failed to unseal root key: invalid seal key");
+            self.unseal_failures += 1;
-                Error::InvalidKey
+            if self.unseal_failures >= MAX_UNSEAL_ATTEMPTS {
-            })?;
+                error!(
-
+                    attempts = self.unseal_failures,
-        let root_key = KeyCell::try_from(root_key_bytes).map_err(|()| {
+                    "Vault locked: maximum failed unseal attempts reached"
-            error!("Broken database: invalid encryption key size");
+                );
-            Error::BrokenDatabase
+            } else {
-        })?;
+                warn!(
+                    attempts = self.unseal_failures,
+                    remaining = MAX_UNSEAL_ATTEMPTS - self.unseal_failures,
+                    "Failed unseal attempt"
+                );
+            }
+            return Err(Error::InvalidKey);
+        }
 
+        self.unseal_failures = 0;
         self.state = State::Unsealed(Unsealed {
             root_key_history_id: current_key.id,
-            root_key,
+            root_key: KeyCell::try_from(root_key).map_err(|err| {
+                error!(?err, "Broken database: invalid encryption key size");
+                Error::BrokenDatabase
+            })?,
         });
 
         info!("Vault unsealed successfully");
@@ -275,79 +298,10 @@ impl Vault {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    /// Re-encrypts the root key with `new_seal_key` and records a new root_key_history row.
+    /// Decrypts an AEAD entry. The `aad` must match the value used at encryption time;
-    /// Called after a Shamir re-key so the old seal key is no longer sufficient to unseal.
+    /// a mismatch causes authentication failure, preventing cross-wallet key swaps.
     #[message]
-    pub async fn rekey_root_key(&mut self, mut new_seal_key: KeyCell) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub async fn decrypt(&mut self, aead_id: i32, aad: Vec<u8>) -> Result<SafeCell<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
-        let Unsealed {
-            root_key,
-            root_key_history_id,
-        } = Self::expect_unsealed(&mut self.state)?;
-
-        let new_nonce = Nonce::default();
-        let new_salt = v1::generate_salt();
-
-        let new_ciphertext: Vec<u8> = root_key.0.read_inline(|rk| {
-            new_seal_key
-                .encrypt(&new_nonce, v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG, rk.as_slice())
-                .map_err(|err| {
-                    error!(?err, "Fatal rekey error");
-                    Error::Encryption(err)
-                })
-        })?;
-
-        let data_encryption_nonce = Nonce::default();
-
-        let mut conn = self.db.get().await?;
-        let new_root_key_history_id: i32 = conn
-            .transaction(async |conn| {
-                let new_id = insert_into(schema::root_key_history::table)
-                    .values(&models::NewRootKeyHistory {
-                        ciphertext: new_ciphertext,
-                        tag: v1::ROOT_KEY_TAG.to_vec(),
-                        root_key_encryption_nonce: new_nonce.to_vec(),
-                        data_encryption_nonce: data_encryption_nonce.to_vec(),
-                        schema_version: 1,
-                        salt: new_salt.to_vec(),
-                    })
-                    .returning(schema::root_key_history::id)
-                    .get_result::<i32>(&mut *conn)
-                    .await?;
-
-                update(schema::arbiter_settings::table)
-                    .set(schema::arbiter_settings::root_key_id.eq(new_id))
-                    .execute(&mut *conn)
-                    .await?;
-
-                Result::<_, diesel::result::Error>::Ok(new_id)
-            })
-            .await?;
-
-        *root_key_history_id = RootKeyHistoryId::from_raw(new_root_key_history_id);
-        info!("Vault root key rekeyed successfully");
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn seal(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        let Unsealed {
-            root_key_history_id,
-            ..
-        } = Self::expect_unsealed(&mut self.state)?;
-
-        self.state = State::Sealed {
-            root_key_history_id: *root_key_history_id,
-        };
-        let _ = self.events.tell(Publish(events::VaultResealed)).await;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-// Server-side cryptographic operations
-#[messages]
-impl Vault {
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn decrypt(&mut self, aead_id: i32) -> Result<SafeCell<Vec<u8>>, Error> {
         let Unsealed { root_key, .. } = Self::expect_unsealed(&mut self.state)?;
 
         let row: models::AeadEncrypted = {
@@ -369,13 +323,15 @@ impl Vault {
             Error::BrokenDatabase
         })?;
         let mut output = SafeCell::new(row.ciphertext);
-        root_key.decrypt_in_place(&nonce, v1::TAG, &mut output)?;
+        root_key.decrypt_in_place(&nonce, &aad, &mut output)?;
         Ok(output)
     }
 
+    /// Creates a new `aead_encrypted` entry and returns its ID.
+    /// The `aad` is bound into the ciphertext and must be reproduced exactly at decryption time.
     // Creates new `aead_encrypted` entry in the database and returns it's ID
     #[message]
-    pub async fn create_new(&mut self, mut plaintext: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>) -> Result<i32, Error> {
+    pub async fn create_new(&mut self, mut plaintext: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>, aad: Vec<u8>) -> Result<i32, Error> {
         let Unsealed {
             root_key,
             root_key_history_id,
@@ -387,7 +343,7 @@ impl Vault {
 
         let mut ciphertext_buffer = plaintext.write();
         let ciphertext_buffer: &mut Vec<u8> = ciphertext_buffer.as_mut();
-        root_key.encrypt_in_place(&nonce, v1::TAG, &mut *ciphertext_buffer)?;
+        root_key.encrypt_in_place(&nonce, &aad, &mut *ciphertext_buffer)?;
 
         let ciphertext = std::mem::take(ciphertext_buffer);
 
@@ -414,10 +370,7 @@ impl Vault {
     }
 
     #[message]
-    pub fn sign_integrity(
+    pub fn sign_integrity(&mut self, mac_input: Vec<u8>) -> Result<(i32, Vec<u8>), Error> {
-        &mut self,
-        mac_input: Vec<u8>,
-    ) -> Result<(RootKeyHistoryId, Vec<u8>), Error> {
         let Unsealed {
             root_key,
             root_key_history_id,
@@ -427,7 +380,7 @@ impl Vault {
             HmacSha256::new_from_slice(k)
                 .unwrap_or_else(|_| unreachable!("HMAC accepts keys of any size"))
         });
-        hmac.update(&root_key_history_id.to_raw().to_be_bytes());
+        hmac.update(&root_key_history_id.to_be_bytes());
         hmac.update(&mac_input);
 
         let mac = hmac.finalize().into_bytes().to_vec();
@@ -439,7 +392,7 @@ impl Vault {
         &mut self,
         mac_input: Vec<u8>,
         expected_mac: Vec<u8>,
-        key_version: RootKeyHistoryId,
+        key_version: i32,
     ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
         let Unsealed {
             root_key,
@@ -447,18 +400,35 @@ impl Vault {
         } = Self::expect_unsealed(&mut self.state)?;
 
         if *root_key_history_id != key_version {
-            return Ok(false);
+            return Err(Error::KeyVersionMismatch {
+                envelope: key_version,
+                current: *root_key_history_id,
+            });
         }
 
         let mut hmac = root_key.0.read_inline(|k| {
             HmacSha256::new_from_slice(k)
                 .unwrap_or_else(|_| unreachable!("HMAC accepts keys of any size"))
         });
-        hmac.update(&key_version.to_raw().to_be_bytes());
+        hmac.update(&key_version.to_be_bytes());
         hmac.update(&mac_input);
 
         Ok(hmac.verify_slice(&expected_mac).is_ok())
     }
+
+    #[message]
+    pub async fn seal(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let Unsealed {
+            root_key_history_id,
+            ..
+        } = Self::expect_unsealed(&mut self.state)?;
+
+        self.state = State::Sealed {
+            root_key_history_id: *root_key_history_id,
+        };
+        let _ = self.events.tell(Publish(events::VaultResealed)).await;
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -472,7 +442,8 @@ mod tests {
         let mut actor = Vault::new(db.clone(), GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
             .await
             .unwrap();
-        actor.bootstrap(KeyCell::from([0u8; 32])).await.unwrap();
+        let seal_key = SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec());
+        actor.bootstrap(seal_key).await.unwrap();
         actor
     }
 
@@ -481,12 +452,13 @@ mod tests {
     async fn nonce_monotonic_even_when_nonce_allocation_interleaves() {
         let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
         let mut actor = bootstrapped_actor(&db).await;
+
         let State::Unsealed(Unsealed {
             root_key_history_id,
             ..
         }) = actor.state
         else {
-            panic!("expected unsealed state");
+            panic!("expected unsealed state")
         };
 
         let n1 = Vault::get_new_nonce(&db, root_key_history_id)
@@ -506,7 +478,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(root_row.data_encryption_nonce, n2.to_vec());
 
         let id = actor
-            .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"post-interleave".to_vec()))
+            .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"post-interleave".to_vec()), b"test-aad".to_vec())
             .await
             .unwrap();
         let row: models::AeadEncrypted = schema::aead_encrypted::table

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/actors/vault_coordinator/mod.rs

@@ -1,721 +0,0 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
-use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
-use diesel::{ExpressionMethods as _, QueryDsl};
-use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
-use kameo::{Actor, actor::ActorRef, messages};
-use rand_core::{OsRng, RngCore as _};
-use tracing::error;
-
-use crate::{
-    actors::vault::{Bootstrap, RekeyRootKey, TryUnseal, Vault},
-    crypto::{KeyCell, derive_key, encryption::v1::Nonce, shamir, shamir::shamir_threshold},
-    db::{self, models, schema},
-};
-
-#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
-pub enum Error {
-    #[error("Already coordinating a bootstrap")]
-    AlreadyBootstrapping,
-    #[error("Already coordinating an unseal")]
-    AlreadyUnsealing,
-    #[error("Rekey not in progress")]
-    NotRekeying,
-    #[error("Bootstrap not in progress")]
-    NotBootstrapping,
-    #[error("Unseal not in progress")]
-    NotUnsealing,
-    #[error("Operator already contributed")]
-    DuplicateContribution,
-    #[error("Operator not found in database")]
-    OperatorNotFound,
-    #[error("Invalid passphrase (decryption failed)")]
-    InvalidPassphrase,
-    #[error("Shamir error: {0}")]
-    Shamir(String),
-    #[error("Database connection error: {0}")]
-    DatabaseConnection(#[from] db::PoolError),
-    #[error("Database query error: {0}")]
-    DatabaseQuery(#[from] diesel::result::Error),
-    #[error("Encryption error")]
-    Encryption,
-    #[error("Vault error")]
-    VaultError,
-    #[error("Two-operator vaults require at least one recovery share")]
-    TwoOperatorsRequireRecovery,
-    #[error("Broken database")]
-    BrokenDatabase,
-}
-
-// Passphrases stored as plain Vec<u8> (not SafeCell) so CoordinatorState is Sync.
-// They are ephemeral and dropped immediately after use.
-enum CoordinatorState {
-    Idle,
-    Bootstrapping {
-        declared_count: usize,
-        recovery_count: usize,
-        passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-        recovery_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-    },
-    Unsealing {
-        threshold: usize,
-        ordinary_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-        recovery_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-    },
-    /// Shamir re-key after `replace_operator` or `update_shamir_parameters` is approved (§3.3).
-    /// Collects new passphrases from all current operators, then generates a fresh seal key,
-    /// re-splits it, and re-encrypts the vault root key.
-    Rekeying {
-        ordinary_count: usize,
-        recovery_count: usize,
-        passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-        recovery_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-    },
-}
-
-#[derive(Actor)]
-pub struct VaultCoordinator {
-    db: db::DatabasePool,
-    vault: ActorRef<Vault>,
-    state: CoordinatorState,
-}
-
-impl VaultCoordinator {
-    pub const fn new(db: db::DatabasePool, vault: ActorRef<Vault>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            db,
-            vault,
-            state: CoordinatorState::Idle,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-const SHARE_AAD: &[u8] = b"arbiter/shamir-share/v1";
-
-fn encrypt_share(
-    passphrase_bytes: Vec<u8>,
-    share: &[u8],
-) -> Result<(Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>), Error> {
-    let mut share_salt = vec![0u8; 32];
-    OsRng.fill_bytes(&mut share_salt);
-
-    let mut passphrase_cell = SafeCell::new(passphrase_bytes);
-    let mut share_seal_key = derive_key(&mut passphrase_cell, &share_salt);
-
-    let nonce = Nonce::default();
-    let encrypted_share = share_seal_key
-        .encrypt(&nonce, SHARE_AAD, share)
-        .map_err(|_| Error::Encryption)?;
-
-    Ok((encrypted_share, nonce.to_vec(), share_salt))
-}
-
-fn decrypt_share(
-    passphrase_bytes: Vec<u8>,
-    encrypted_share: Vec<u8>,
-    share_nonce_bytes: &[u8],
-    share_salt: &[u8],
-    operator_id: i32,
-) -> Result<Vec<u8>, Error> {
-    let nonce = Nonce::try_from(share_nonce_bytes).map_err(|()| {
-        error!(operator_id, "Invalid nonce in DB");
-        Error::BrokenDatabase
-    })?;
-
-    let mut passphrase_cell = SafeCell::new(passphrase_bytes);
-    let mut share_seal_key = derive_key(&mut passphrase_cell, share_salt);
-
-    let mut share_buffer = SafeCell::new(encrypted_share);
-    share_seal_key
-        .decrypt_in_place(&nonce, SHARE_AAD, &mut share_buffer)
-        .map_err(|_| Error::InvalidPassphrase)?;
-
-    Ok(share_buffer.read().clone())
-}
-
-/// §3.4: Split the seal key across ordinary + recovery operators.
-/// Threshold = `shamir_threshold(ordinary_count)`; total shares = ordinary + recovery.
-/// When `ordinary_count` == 1 (threshold = 1), vsss-rs does not support a proper split,
-/// so each share is the seal key itself — any single participant can reconstruct.
-async fn finalize_bootstrap(
-    db: db::DatabasePool,
-    vault: ActorRef<Vault>,
-    ordinary_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-    recovery_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let ordinary_count = ordinary_passphrases.len();
-    let recovery_count = recovery_passphrases.len();
-    let total = ordinary_count + recovery_count;
-    let threshold = shamir_threshold(ordinary_count);
-
-    let mut seal_key_bytes = [0u8; 32];
-    OsRng.fill_bytes(&mut seal_key_bytes);
-
-    // threshold == 1 means any single share reconstructs the key (degenerate split).
-    // vsss-rs requires threshold >= 2, so we store the key directly in this case.
-    let shares: Vec<Vec<u8>> = if threshold >= 2 {
-        shamir::split_key(threshold, total, &seal_key_bytes, OsRng)
-            .map_err(|e| Error::Shamir(e.to_string()))?
-    } else {
-        std::iter::repeat_with(|| seal_key_bytes.to_vec()).take(total).collect()
-    };
-
-    let seal_key = KeyCell::from(seal_key_bytes);
-
-    let mut conn = db.get().await?;
-    let mut shares_iter = shares.into_iter();
-
-    for (operator_id_raw, passphrase_bytes) in ordinary_passphrases {
-        let share = shares_iter
-            .next()
-            .expect("split_key returned enough shares");
-        let (encrypted_share, nonce_bytes, share_salt) = encrypt_share(passphrase_bytes, &share)?;
-
-        diesel::replace_into(schema::operator::table)
-            .values((
-                schema::operator::id.eq(Some(operator_id_raw)),
-                schema::operator::share.eq(&encrypted_share),
-                schema::operator::share_nonce.eq(&nonce_bytes),
-                schema::operator::share_salt.eq(&share_salt),
-                schema::operator::created_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-                schema::operator::updated_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-            ))
-            .execute(&mut conn)
-            .await?;
-    }
-
-    for (recovery_id_raw, passphrase_bytes) in recovery_passphrases {
-        let share = shares_iter
-            .next()
-            .expect("split_key returned enough shares");
-        let (encrypted_share, nonce_bytes, share_salt) = encrypt_share(passphrase_bytes, &share)?;
-
-        diesel::replace_into(schema::recovery_operator::table)
-            .values((
-                schema::recovery_operator::id.eq(recovery_id_raw),
-                schema::recovery_operator::share.eq(&encrypted_share),
-                schema::recovery_operator::share_nonce.eq(&nonce_bytes),
-                schema::recovery_operator::share_salt.eq(&share_salt),
-                schema::recovery_operator::created_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-                schema::recovery_operator::updated_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-            ))
-            .execute(&mut conn)
-            .await?;
-    }
-
-    vault.ask(Bootstrap { seal_key }).await.map_err(|err| {
-        error!(?err, "Vault bootstrap failed");
-        Error::VaultError
-    })?;
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-/// §3.5: Unseal using any threshold-sized mix of ordinary + recovery shares.
-async fn finalize_unseal(
-    db: db::DatabasePool,
-    vault: ActorRef<Vault>,
-    ordinary_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-    recovery_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let mut conn = db.get().await?;
-
-    // Determine whether shares were stored as raw keys (threshold=1) or vsss-rs splits (threshold>=2).
-    let ordinary_operator_count: i64 = schema::operator::table
-        .count()
-        .get_result(&mut conn)
-        .await?;
-    let threshold = shamir_threshold(ordinary_operator_count as usize);
-
-    let mut shares: Vec<Vec<u8>> = Vec::new();
-
-    for (operator_id_raw, passphrase_bytes) in ordinary_passphrases {
-        let (encrypted_share, share_nonce_bytes, share_salt): (Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>) =
-            schema::operator::table
-                .filter(schema::operator::id.eq(Some(operator_id_raw)))
-                .select((
-                    schema::operator::share,
-                    schema::operator::share_nonce,
-                    schema::operator::share_salt,
-                ))
-                .first(&mut conn)
-                .await
-                .map_err(|_| Error::OperatorNotFound)?;
-
-        shares.push(decrypt_share(
-            passphrase_bytes,
-            encrypted_share,
-            &share_nonce_bytes,
-            &share_salt,
-            operator_id_raw,
-        )?);
-    }
-
-    for (recovery_id_raw, passphrase_bytes) in recovery_passphrases {
-        let (encrypted_share, share_nonce_bytes, share_salt): (Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>) =
-            schema::recovery_operator::table
-                .find(recovery_id_raw)
-                .select((
-                    schema::recovery_operator::share,
-                    schema::recovery_operator::share_nonce,
-                    schema::recovery_operator::share_salt,
-                ))
-                .first(&mut conn)
-                .await
-                .map_err(|_| Error::OperatorNotFound)?;
-
-        shares.push(decrypt_share(
-            passphrase_bytes,
-            encrypted_share,
-            &share_nonce_bytes,
-            &share_salt,
-            recovery_id_raw,
-        )?);
-    }
-
-    // When threshold==1, shares are raw 32-byte seal keys (vsss-rs cannot split 1-of-N).
-    // Any single decrypted share is the key itself.
-    let seal_key_bytes: [u8; 32] = if threshold <= 1 {
-        let raw = shares
-            .into_iter()
-            .next()
-            .ok_or_else(|| Error::Shamir("No shares available".into()))?;
-        raw.try_into()
-            .map_err(|_| Error::Shamir("Invalid share length".into()))?
-    } else {
-        shamir::combine_shares(&shares).map_err(|e| Error::Shamir(e.to_string()))?
-    };
-
-    let seal_key = KeyCell::from(seal_key_bytes);
-
-    vault.ask(TryUnseal { seal_key }).await.map_err(|err| {
-        error!(?err, "Vault unseal failed");
-        Error::VaultError
-    })?;
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-/// §3.3: Generate a fresh seal key, split across current operators, re-encrypt the vault root key.
-/// Called after `replace_operator` or `update_shamir_parameters` is approved and all contributors submit.
-async fn finalize_rekey(
-    db: db::DatabasePool,
-    vault: ActorRef<Vault>,
-    ordinary_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-    recovery_passphrases: HashMap<i32, Vec<u8>>,
-) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let ordinary_count = ordinary_passphrases.len();
-    let recovery_count = recovery_passphrases.len();
-    let total = ordinary_count + recovery_count;
-    let threshold = shamir_threshold(ordinary_count);
-
-    let mut new_seal_key_bytes = [0u8; 32];
-    OsRng.fill_bytes(&mut new_seal_key_bytes);
-
-    let shares: Vec<Vec<u8>> = if threshold >= 2 {
-        shamir::split_key(threshold, total, &new_seal_key_bytes, OsRng)
-            .map_err(|e| Error::Shamir(e.to_string()))?
-    } else {
-        std::iter::repeat_with(|| new_seal_key_bytes.to_vec())
-            .take(total)
-            .collect()
-    };
-
-    let mut conn = db.get().await?;
-    let mut shares_iter = shares.into_iter();
-
-    for (operator_id_raw, passphrase_bytes) in ordinary_passphrases {
-        let share = shares_iter
-            .next()
-            .expect("split_key returned enough shares");
-        let (encrypted_share, nonce_bytes, share_salt) = encrypt_share(passphrase_bytes, &share)?;
-
-        diesel::replace_into(schema::operator::table)
-            .values((
-                schema::operator::id.eq(Some(operator_id_raw)),
-                schema::operator::share.eq(&encrypted_share),
-                schema::operator::share_nonce.eq(&nonce_bytes),
-                schema::operator::share_salt.eq(&share_salt),
-                schema::operator::created_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-                schema::operator::updated_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-            ))
-            .execute(&mut conn)
-            .await?;
-    }
-
-    for (recovery_id_raw, passphrase_bytes) in recovery_passphrases {
-        let share = shares_iter
-            .next()
-            .expect("split_key returned enough shares");
-        let (encrypted_share, nonce_bytes, share_salt) = encrypt_share(passphrase_bytes, &share)?;
-
-        diesel::replace_into(schema::recovery_operator::table)
-            .values((
-                schema::recovery_operator::id.eq(recovery_id_raw),
-                schema::recovery_operator::share.eq(&encrypted_share),
-                schema::recovery_operator::share_nonce.eq(&nonce_bytes),
-                schema::recovery_operator::share_salt.eq(&share_salt),
-                schema::recovery_operator::created_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-                schema::recovery_operator::updated_at.eq(models::SqliteTimestamp::now()),
-            ))
-            .execute(&mut conn)
-            .await?;
-    }
-
-    drop(conn);
-
-    let new_seal_key = KeyCell::from(new_seal_key_bytes);
-    vault
-        .ask(RekeyRootKey { new_seal_key })
-        .await
-        .map_err(|err| {
-            error!(?err, "Vault rekey failed");
-            Error::VaultError
-        })?;
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[messages]
-impl VaultCoordinator {
-    /// Phase 1 of multi-operator bootstrap: declare the committee size.
-    #[message]
-    #[expect(clippy::unused_async, reason = "kameo requires messages to be async")]
-    pub async fn start_bootstrap(
-        &mut self,
-        operator_id: i32,
-        declared_count: usize,
-        recovery_count: usize,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        let _ = operator_id; // fixme!: any authenticated operator may announce the committee size. the first call wins
-        if !matches!(self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle) {
-            return Err(Error::AlreadyBootstrapping);
-        }
-        if declared_count == 2 && recovery_count == 0 {
-            return Err(Error::TwoOperatorsRequireRecovery);
-        }
-        self.state = CoordinatorState::Bootstrapping {
-            declared_count,
-            recovery_count,
-            passphrases: HashMap::new(),
-            recovery_passphrases: HashMap::new(),
-        };
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Phase 2 of multi-operator bootstrap: ordinary operator contributes a passphrase.
-    /// Returns Ok(true) when all ordinary + recovery operators contributed and bootstrap finalized.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn contribute_bootstrap(
-        &mut self,
-        operator_id: i32,
-        mut passphrase: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let CoordinatorState::Bootstrapping {
-            declared_count,
-            recovery_count,
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        } = &mut self.state
-        else {
-            return Err(Error::NotBootstrapping);
-        };
-
-        if passphrases.contains_key(&operator_id) {
-            return Err(Error::DuplicateContribution);
-        }
-
-        let passphrase_bytes = passphrase.read().to_vec();
-        passphrases.insert(operator_id, passphrase_bytes);
-
-        if passphrases.len() < *declared_count || recovery_passphrases.len() < *recovery_count {
-            return Ok(false);
-        }
-
-        let CoordinatorState::Bootstrapping {
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-            ..
-        } = std::mem::replace(&mut self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle)
-        else {
-            unreachable!()
-        };
-
-        finalize_bootstrap(
-            self.db.clone(),
-            self.vault.clone(),
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        )
-        .await?;
-        Ok(true)
-    }
-
-    /// Phase 2 of multi-operator bootstrap: recovery operator contributes a passphrase.
-    /// Returns Ok(true) when all contributors are in and bootstrap finalized.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn contribute_recovery_bootstrap(
-        &mut self,
-        recovery_operator_id: i32,
-        mut passphrase: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let CoordinatorState::Bootstrapping {
-            declared_count,
-            recovery_count,
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        } = &mut self.state
-        else {
-            return Err(Error::NotBootstrapping);
-        };
-
-        if recovery_passphrases.contains_key(&recovery_operator_id) {
-            return Err(Error::DuplicateContribution);
-        }
-
-        let passphrase_bytes = passphrase.read().to_vec();
-        recovery_passphrases.insert(recovery_operator_id, passphrase_bytes);
-
-        if passphrases.len() < *declared_count || recovery_passphrases.len() < *recovery_count {
-            return Ok(false);
-        }
-
-        let CoordinatorState::Bootstrapping {
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-            ..
-        } = std::mem::replace(&mut self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle)
-        else {
-            unreachable!()
-        };
-
-        finalize_bootstrap(
-            self.db.clone(),
-            self.vault.clone(),
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        )
-        .await?;
-        Ok(true)
-    }
-
-    /// Contribute a passphrase for vault unseal (ordinary operator).
-    /// Returns Ok(true) when threshold reached and vault is unsealed.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn contribute_unseal(
-        &mut self,
-        operator_id: i32,
-        mut passphrase: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        self.ensure_unsealing_state().await?;
-
-        let CoordinatorState::Unsealing {
-            threshold,
-            ordinary_passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        } = &mut self.state
-        else {
-            return Err(Error::NotUnsealing);
-        };
-
-        if ordinary_passphrases.contains_key(&operator_id) {
-            return Err(Error::DuplicateContribution);
-        }
-
-        let passphrase_bytes = passphrase.read().to_vec();
-        ordinary_passphrases.insert(operator_id, passphrase_bytes);
-
-        if ordinary_passphrases.len() + recovery_passphrases.len() < *threshold {
-            return Ok(false);
-        }
-
-        self.do_finalize_unseal().await
-    }
-
-    /// Contribute a passphrase for vault unseal (recovery operator, §3.5).
-    /// Recovery operators may contribute during unseal when recovery is active.
-    /// Returns Ok(true) when threshold reached and vault is unsealed.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn contribute_recovery_unseal(
-        &mut self,
-        recovery_operator_id: i32,
-        mut passphrase: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        self.ensure_unsealing_state().await?;
-
-        let CoordinatorState::Unsealing {
-            threshold,
-            ordinary_passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        } = &mut self.state
-        else {
-            return Err(Error::NotUnsealing);
-        };
-
-        if recovery_passphrases.contains_key(&recovery_operator_id) {
-            return Err(Error::DuplicateContribution);
-        }
-
-        let passphrase_bytes = passphrase.read().to_vec();
-        recovery_passphrases.insert(recovery_operator_id, passphrase_bytes);
-
-        if ordinary_passphrases.len() + recovery_passphrases.len() < *threshold {
-            return Ok(false);
-        }
-
-        self.do_finalize_unseal().await
-    }
-}
-
-impl VaultCoordinator {
-    /// Initializes `CoordinatorState::Unsealing` on first call if still `Idle`.
-    /// Threshold is based on ordinary operator count only (§3.4).
-    async fn ensure_unsealing_state(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        if matches!(self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle) {
-            let mut conn = self.db.get().await?;
-            let ordinary_count: i64 = schema::operator::table
-                .count()
-                .get_result(&mut conn)
-                .await?;
-            let threshold = shamir_threshold(usize::try_from(ordinary_count).unwrap_or_default());
-            self.state = CoordinatorState::Unsealing {
-                threshold,
-                ordinary_passphrases: HashMap::new(),
-                recovery_passphrases: HashMap::new(),
-            };
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Moves state back to Idle and calls finalize_unseal.
-    async fn do_finalize_unseal(&mut self) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let CoordinatorState::Unsealing {
-            ordinary_passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-            ..
-        } = std::mem::replace(&mut self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle)
-        else {
-            unreachable!()
-        };
-
-        finalize_unseal(
-            self.db.clone(),
-            self.vault.clone(),
-            ordinary_passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        )
-        .await?;
-        Ok(true)
-    }
-
-    async fn do_finalize_rekey(&mut self) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let CoordinatorState::Rekeying {
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-            ..
-        } = std::mem::replace(&mut self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle)
-        else {
-            unreachable!()
-        };
-
-        finalize_rekey(
-            self.db.clone(),
-            self.vault.clone(),
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        )
-        .await?;
-        Ok(true)
-    }
-}
-
-#[messages]
-impl VaultCoordinator {
-    /// Begin Shamir re-key after a key-rotation proposal is approved (§3.3).
-    /// Queries the current operator and recovery operator counts from the DB,
-    /// then transitions to Rekeying state awaiting contributions from all of them.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn start_rekey(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        if !matches!(self.state, CoordinatorState::Idle) {
-            return Err(Error::AlreadyBootstrapping);
-        }
-        let mut conn = self.db.get().await?;
-        let ordinary_count: i64 = schema::operator_identity::table
-            .count()
-            .get_result(&mut conn)
-            .await?;
-        let recovery_count: i64 = schema::recovery_operator_identity::table
-            .count()
-            .get_result(&mut conn)
-            .await?;
-        self.state = CoordinatorState::Rekeying {
-            ordinary_count: ordinary_count as usize,
-            recovery_count: recovery_count as usize,
-            passphrases: HashMap::new(),
-            recovery_passphrases: HashMap::new(),
-        };
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Contribute an ordinary operator passphrase for the re-key.
-    /// Returns Ok(true) when all contributors have submitted and the re-key is complete.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn contribute_rekey(
-        &mut self,
-        operator_id: i32,
-        mut passphrase: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let CoordinatorState::Rekeying {
-            ordinary_count,
-            recovery_count,
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        } = &mut self.state
-        else {
-            return Err(Error::NotRekeying);
-        };
-
-        if passphrases.contains_key(&operator_id) {
-            return Err(Error::DuplicateContribution);
-        }
-
-        passphrases.insert(operator_id, passphrase.read().to_vec());
-
-        if passphrases.len() < *ordinary_count || recovery_passphrases.len() < *recovery_count {
-            return Ok(false);
-        }
-
-        self.do_finalize_rekey().await
-    }
-
-    /// Contribute a recovery operator passphrase for the re-key.
-    /// Returns Ok(true) when all contributors have submitted and the re-key is complete.
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn contribute_recovery_rekey(
-        &mut self,
-        recovery_operator_id: i32,
-        mut passphrase: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let CoordinatorState::Rekeying {
-            ordinary_count,
-            recovery_count,
-            passphrases,
-            recovery_passphrases,
-        } = &mut self.state
-        else {
-            return Err(Error::NotRekeying);
-        };
-
-        if recovery_passphrases.contains_key(&recovery_operator_id) {
-            return Err(Error::DuplicateContribution);
-        }
-
-        recovery_passphrases.insert(recovery_operator_id, passphrase.read().to_vec());
-
-        if passphrases.len() < *ordinary_count || recovery_passphrases.len() < *recovery_count {
-            return Ok(false);
-        }
-
-        self.do_finalize_rekey().await
-    }
-}

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/crypto/encryption/v1.rs

@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn derive_seal_key_deterministic() {
         static PASSWORD: &[u8] = b"password";
-        let mut password = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
+        let password = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
-        let mut password2 = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
+        let password2 = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
         let salt = generate_salt();
 
-        let mut key1 = derive_key(&mut password, &salt);
+        let mut key1 = derive_key(password, &salt);
-        let mut key2 = derive_key(&mut password2, &salt);
+        let mut key2 = derive_key(password2, &salt);
 
         let key1_reader = key1.0.read();
         let key2_reader = key2.0.read();
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn successful_derive() {
         static PASSWORD: &[u8] = b"password";
-        let mut password = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
+        let password = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
         let salt = generate_salt();
 
-        let mut key = derive_key(&mut password, &salt);
+        let mut key = derive_key(password, &salt);
         let key_reader = key.0.read();
 
         assert_ne!(key_reader.as_slice(), &[0u8; 32][..]);

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/crypto/integrity/v1.rs

@@ -192,7 +192,9 @@ pub async fn verify_entity<E: Integrable>(
         Ok(false) => Err(Error::MacMismatch {
             entity_kind: E::KIND,
         }),
-        Err(SendError::HandlerError(vault::Error::Sealed)) => Ok(AttestationStatus::Unavailable),
+        Err(SendError::HandlerError(
+            vault::Error::Sealed | vault::Error::KeyVersionMismatch { .. },
+        )) => Ok(AttestationStatus::Unavailable),
         Err(_) => Err(Error::VaultSend),
     }
 }
@@ -215,6 +217,8 @@ mod tests {
         },
         db::{self, schema},
     };
+    use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
+
     use super::{Error, Integrable, sign_entity, verify_entity};
     #[derive(Clone, arbiter_macros::Hashable)]
     struct DummyEntity {
@@ -233,7 +237,7 @@ mod tests {
         );
         actor
             .ask(Bootstrap {
-                seal_key: crate::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]),
+                seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"integrity-test-seal-key".to_vec()),
             })
             .await
             .unwrap();
@@ -329,4 +333,47 @@ mod tests {
             .unwrap_err();
         assert!(matches!(err, Error::MacMismatch { .. }));
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn key_version_mismatch_returns_unavailable_not_mac_mismatch() {
+        use crate::db::schema::integrity_envelope;
+        use super::AttestationStatus;
+
+        const ENTITY_ID: &[u8] = b"entity-id-rotation-test";
+
+        let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
+        let vault = bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
+        let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
+
+        let entity = DummyEntity {
+            payload_version: 1,
+            payload: b"payload-v1".to_vec(),
+        };
+
+        sign_entity(&mut conn, &vault, &entity, ENTITY_ID)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        // Simulate key rotation: update the stored key_version to a stale value.
+        // After real rotation the vault's root_key_history_id would advance, but
+        // here we achieve the same mismatch by back-dating the envelope's key_version.
+        diesel::update(integrity_envelope::table)
+            .filter(integrity_envelope::entity_kind.eq("dummy_entity"))
+            .filter(integrity_envelope::entity_id.eq(ENTITY_ID))
+            .set(integrity_envelope::key_version.eq(0))
+            .execute(&mut conn)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        // Must NOT error — version mismatch is Unavailable, not tampered.
+        let status = verify_entity(&mut conn, &vault, &entity, ENTITY_ID)
+            .await
+            .expect("key version mismatch must not be treated as an error");
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            status,
+            AttestationStatus::Unavailable,
+            "stale key_version must yield Unavailable, not MacMismatch"
+        );
+    }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/crypto/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
-use encryption::v1::Nonce;
+use encryption::v1::{Nonce, Salt};
 
 use argon2::{Algorithm, Argon2};
 use chacha20poly1305::{
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ use rand::{
 
 pub mod encryption;
 pub mod integrity;
-pub mod shamir;
 
 pub struct KeyCell(pub SafeCell<Key>);
 impl From<SafeCell<Key>> for KeyCell {
@@ -21,15 +20,6 @@ impl From<SafeCell<Key>> for KeyCell {
         Self(value)
     }
 }
-impl From<[u8; 32]> for KeyCell {
-    fn from(bytes: [u8; 32]) -> Self {
-        let cell = SafeCell::new_inline_default(|key: &mut Key| {
-            key.copy_from_slice(&bytes);
-        });
-        Self(cell)
-    }
-}
-
 impl TryFrom<SafeCell<Vec<u8>>> for KeyCell {
     type Error = ();
 
@@ -38,7 +28,7 @@ impl TryFrom<SafeCell<Vec<u8>>> for KeyCell {
         if value.len() != size_of::<Key>() {
             return Err(());
         }
-        let cell = SafeCell::new_inline_default(|cell_write: &mut Key| {
+        let cell = SafeCell::new_inline(|cell_write: &mut Key| {
             cell_write.copy_from_slice(&value);
         });
         Ok(Self(cell))
@@ -47,7 +37,7 @@ impl TryFrom<SafeCell<Vec<u8>>> for KeyCell {
 
 impl KeyCell {
     pub fn new_secure_random() -> Self {
-        let key = SafeCell::new_inline_default(|key_buffer: &mut Key| {
+        let key = SafeCell::new_inline(|key_buffer: &mut Key| {
             let mut rng = StdRng::try_from_rng(&mut SysRng)
                 .expect("Rng failure is unrecoverable and should panic");
             rng.fill_bytes(key_buffer);
@@ -104,7 +94,7 @@ impl KeyCell {
 }
 
 /// Derive a fixed-length key from the password using Argon2id, which is designed for password hashing and key derivation.
-pub fn derive_key(password: &mut SafeCell<Vec<u8>>, salt: &[u8]) -> KeyCell {
+pub fn derive_key(mut password: SafeCell<Vec<u8>>, salt: &Salt) -> KeyCell {
     let params = {
         #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
         {
@@ -142,10 +132,10 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn encrypt_decrypt() {
         static PASSWORD: &[u8] = b"password";
-        let mut password = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
+        let password = SafeCell::new(PASSWORD.to_vec());
         let salt = generate_salt();
 
-        let mut key = derive_key(&mut password, &salt);
+        let mut key = derive_key(password, &salt);
         let nonce = Nonce(*b"unique nonce 123 1231233"); // 24 bytes for XChaCha20Poly1305
         let associated_data = b"associated data";
         let mut buffer = b"secret data".to_vec();

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/crypto/shamir.rs

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-use vsss_rs::Gf256;
-
-#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
-pub enum ShamirError {
-    #[error("Failed to split key: {0}")]
-    Split(String),
-    #[error("Failed to combine shares: {0}")]
-    Combine(String),
-}
-
-/// Split `key` into `total` shares where any `threshold` shares can reconstruct it.
-/// Each returned Vec<u8> is a share with format [`identifier_byte`, `value_bytes`...].
-pub fn split_key(
-    threshold: usize,
-    total: usize,
-    key: &[u8; 32],
-    rng: impl rand_core::RngCore + rand_core::CryptoRng,
-) -> Result<Vec<Vec<u8>>, ShamirError> {
-    Gf256::split_array(threshold, total, key.as_slice(), rng)
-        .map_err(|e| ShamirError::Split(format!("{e:?}")))
-}
-
-/// Returns the minimum number of shares required to reconstruct the secret
-/// for a committee of `n` operators.
-#[must_use]
-pub const fn shamir_threshold(n: usize) -> usize {
-    match n {
-        0 => panic!("No operators"),
-        1 => 1,
-        2 => 2,
-        n => n / 2 + 1,
-    }
-}
-
-/// Reconstruct the secret from `threshold` or more shares.
-pub fn combine_shares(shares: &[Vec<u8>]) -> Result<[u8; 32], ShamirError> {
-    let bytes = Gf256::combine_array(shares)
-        .map_err(|e| ShamirError::Combine(format!("{e:?}")))?;
-    <[u8; 32]>::try_from(bytes.as_slice())
-        .map_err(|_| ShamirError::Combine("unexpected reconstructed key length".to_owned()))
-}

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/db/models.rs

@@ -15,11 +15,10 @@ use restructed::Models;
 pub mod types {
     use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
     use diesel::{
-        backend::Backend,
         deserialize::{FromSql, FromSqlRow},
         expression::AsExpression,
         serialize::{IsNull, ToSql},
-        sql_types::{Integer, Text},
+        sql_types::Integer,
         sqlite::{Sqlite, SqliteType},
     };
 
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ pub mod types {
 
     impl FromSql<Integer, Sqlite> for SqliteTimestamp {
         fn from_sql(
-            mut bytes: <Sqlite as Backend>::RawValue<'_>,
+            mut bytes: <Sqlite as diesel::backend::Backend>::RawValue<'_>,
         ) -> diesel::deserialize::Result<Self> {
             let Some(SqliteType::Long) = bytes.value_type() else {
                 return Err(format!(
@@ -80,41 +79,10 @@ pub mod types {
         }
     }
 
-    macro_rules! declare_id {
+    #[derive(Debug, FromSqlRow, AsExpression, Clone)]
-        ($name:ident) => {
+    #[diesel(sql_type = Integer)]
-            #[derive(Debug, FromSqlRow, AsExpression, Clone, Hash, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+    #[repr(transparent)] // hint compiler to optimize the wrapper struct away
-            #[diesel(sql_type = Integer)]
+    pub struct ChainId(pub i32);
-            #[repr(transparent)] // hint compiler to optimize the wrapper struct away
-            pub struct $name(i32);
-
-            impl $name {
-                pub const fn to_raw(self) -> i32 {
-                    self.0
-                }
-                pub const fn from_raw(raw: i32) -> Self {
-                    Self(raw)
-                }
-            }
-
-            impl FromSql<Integer, Sqlite> for $name {
-                fn from_sql(
-                    bytes: <Sqlite as diesel::backend::Backend>::RawValue<'_>,
-                ) -> diesel::deserialize::Result<Self> {
-                    FromSql::<Integer, Sqlite>::from_sql(bytes).map(Self)
-                }
-            }
-            impl ToSql<Integer, Sqlite> for $name {
-                fn to_sql<'b>(
-                    &'b self,
-                    out: &mut diesel::serialize::Output<'b, '_, Sqlite>,
-                ) -> diesel::serialize::Result {
-                    ToSql::<Integer, Sqlite>::to_sql(&self.0, out)
-                }
-            }
-        };
-    }
-
-    declare_id!(ChainId);
 
     #[expect(
         clippy::cast_sign_loss,
@@ -135,50 +103,19 @@ pub mod types {
         }
     };
 
-    declare_id!(OperatorId);
+    impl FromSql<Integer, Sqlite> for ChainId {
-    declare_id!(OperatorIdentityId);
+        fn from_sql(
-    declare_id!(AeadEncryptedId);
+            bytes: <Sqlite as diesel::backend::Backend>::RawValue<'_>,
-    declare_id!(RootKeyHistoryId);
+        ) -> diesel::deserialize::Result<Self> {
-    declare_id!(TlsHistoryId);
+            FromSql::<Integer, Sqlite>::from_sql(bytes).map(Self)
-    declare_id!(EvmWalletId);
+        }
-    declare_id!(ClientId);
-
-    #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, AsExpression, FromSqlRow)]
-    #[diesel(sql_type = Text)]
-    pub enum ProposalStatus {
-        Pending,
-        Approved,
-        Rejected,
-        Expired,
     }
-
+    impl ToSql<Integer, Sqlite> for ChainId {
-    impl ToSql<Text, Sqlite> for ProposalStatus {
         fn to_sql<'b>(
             &'b self,
             out: &mut diesel::serialize::Output<'b, '_, Sqlite>,
         ) -> diesel::serialize::Result {
-            let s: &str = match self {
+            ToSql::<Integer, Sqlite>::to_sql(&self.0, out)
-                Self::Pending => "pending",
-                Self::Approved => "approved",
-                Self::Rejected => "rejected",
-                Self::Expired => "expired",
-            };
-            <str as ToSql<Text, Sqlite>>::to_sql(s, out)
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl FromSql<Text, Sqlite> for ProposalStatus {
-        fn from_sql(
-            bytes: <Sqlite as Backend>::RawValue<'_>,
-        ) -> diesel::deserialize::Result<Self> {
-            let s = <String as FromSql<Text, Sqlite>>::from_sql(bytes)?;
-            match s.as_str() {
-                "pending" => Ok(Self::Pending),
-                "approved" => Ok(Self::Approved),
-                "rejected" => Ok(Self::Rejected),
-                "expired" => Ok(Self::Expired),
-                other => Err(format!("Unknown proposal status: {other}").into()),
-            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -193,12 +130,12 @@ pub use types::*;
 )]
 #[diesel(table_name = aead_encrypted, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
 pub struct AeadEncrypted {
-    pub id: AeadEncryptedId,
+    pub id: i32,
     pub ciphertext: Vec<u8>,
     pub tag: Vec<u8>,
     pub current_nonce: Vec<u8>,
     pub schema_version: i32,
-    pub associated_root_key_id: RootKeyHistoryId,
+    pub associated_root_key_id: i32, // references root_key_history.id
     pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
 }
 
@@ -211,7 +148,7 @@ pub struct AeadEncrypted {
     attributes_with = "deriveless"
 )]
 pub struct RootKeyHistory {
-    pub id: RootKeyHistoryId,
+    pub id: i32,
     pub ciphertext: Vec<u8>,
     pub tag: Vec<u8>,
     pub root_key_encryption_nonce: Vec<u8>,
@@ -229,7 +166,7 @@ pub struct RootKeyHistory {
     attributes_with = "deriveless"
 )]
 pub struct TlsHistory {
-    pub id: TlsHistoryId,
+    pub id: i32,
     pub cert: String,
     pub cert_key: String, // PEM Encoded private key
     pub ca_cert: String,  // PEM Encoded certificate for cert signing
@@ -254,7 +191,7 @@ pub struct ArbiterSettings {
     attributes_with = "deriveless"
 )]
 pub struct EvmWallet {
-    pub id: EvmWalletId,
+    pub id: i32,
     pub address: Vec<u8>,
     pub aead_encrypted_id: i32,
     pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
@@ -276,7 +213,7 @@ pub struct EvmWallet {
 )]
 pub struct EvmWalletAccess {
     pub id: i32,
-    pub wallet_id: EvmWalletId,
+    pub wallet_id: i32,
     pub client_id: i32,
     pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
 }
@@ -303,7 +240,7 @@ pub struct ProgramClientMetadataHistory {
 #[derive(Models, Queryable, Debug, Insertable, Selectable)]
 #[diesel(table_name = schema::program_client, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
 pub struct ProgramClient {
-    pub id: ClientId,
+    pub id: i32,
     pub public_key: Vec<u8>,
     pub metadata_id: i32,
     pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
@@ -313,23 +250,12 @@ pub struct ProgramClient {
 #[derive(Queryable, Debug)]
 #[diesel(table_name = schema::operator_client, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
 pub struct OperatorClient {
-    pub id: OperatorIdentityId,
+    pub id: i32,
     pub public_key: Vec<u8>,
     pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
     pub updated_at: SqliteTimestamp,
 }
 
-#[derive(Queryable, Debug)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::operator, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct Operator {
-    pub id: OperatorId,
-    pub share: Vec<u8>,
-    pub share_nonce: Vec<u8>,
-    pub share_salt: Vec<u8>,
-    pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
-    pub updated_at: SqliteTimestamp,
-}
-
 #[derive(Models, Queryable, Debug, Insertable, Selectable)]
 #[diesel(table_name = evm_ether_transfer_limit, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
 #[view(
@@ -473,73 +399,8 @@ pub struct IntegrityEnvelope {
     pub entity_kind: String,
     pub entity_id: Vec<u8>,
     pub payload_version: i32,
-    pub key_version: RootKeyHistoryId,
+    pub key_version: i32,
     pub mac: Vec<u8>,
     pub signed_at: SqliteTimestamp,
     pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
 }
-
-#[derive(Debug, Queryable, Selectable, Identifiable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::proposal, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct Proposal {
-    pub id: i32,
-    pub kind: String,
-    pub payload: Vec<u8>,
-    pub initiator_id: i32,
-    pub created_at: SqliteTimestamp,
-    pub expires_at: SqliteTimestamp,
-    pub status: ProposalStatus,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Insertable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::proposal, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct NewProposal {
-    pub kind: String,
-    pub payload: Vec<u8>,
-    pub initiator_id: i32,
-    // status defaults to 'pending' at the DB layer
-    pub expires_at: SqliteTimestamp,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Queryable, Selectable, Identifiable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::proposal_vote, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct ProposalVote {
-    pub id: i32,
-    pub proposal_id: i32,
-    pub operator_id: i32,
-    pub approve: bool,
-    pub signature: Vec<u8>,
-    pub voted_at: SqliteTimestamp,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Insertable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::proposal_vote, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct NewProposalVote {
-    pub proposal_id: i32,
-    pub operator_id: i32,
-    pub approve: bool,
-    pub signature: Vec<u8>,
-}
-
-
-#[derive(Debug, Insertable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::proposal_result, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct NewProposalResult {
-    pub proposal_id: i32,
-    pub data: Vec<u8>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Insertable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::recovery_proposal_vote, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct NewRecoveryProposalVote {
-    pub proposal_id: i32,
-    pub recovery_operator_id: i32,
-    pub approve: bool,
-    pub signature: Vec<u8>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Insertable)]
-#[diesel(table_name = schema::recovery_wakeup_request, check_for_backend(Sqlite))]
-pub struct NewRecoveryWakeupRequest {
-    pub requested_by: i32,
-}

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/db/schema.rs

@@ -152,98 +152,6 @@ diesel::table! {
     }
 }
 
-diesel::table! {
-    operator (id) {
-        id -> Nullable<Integer>,
-        share -> Binary,
-        share_nonce -> Binary,
-        share_salt -> Binary,
-        created_at -> Integer,
-        updated_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    operator_identity (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        public_key -> Binary,
-        created_at -> Integer,
-        updated_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    proposal (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        kind -> Text,
-        payload -> Binary,
-        initiator_id -> Integer,
-        created_at -> Integer,
-        expires_at -> Integer,
-        status -> Text,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    proposal_result (proposal_id) {
-        proposal_id -> Integer,
-        data -> Binary,
-        created_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    recovery_operator (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        share -> Binary,
-        share_nonce -> Binary,
-        share_salt -> Binary,
-        created_at -> Integer,
-        updated_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    recovery_operator_identity (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        public_key -> Binary,
-        created_at -> Integer,
-        updated_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    recovery_wakeup_request (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        requested_by -> Integer,
-        requested_at -> Integer,
-        cancelled_by -> Nullable<Integer>,
-        cancelled_at -> Nullable<Integer>,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    recovery_proposal_vote (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        proposal_id -> Integer,
-        recovery_operator_id -> Integer,
-        approve -> Bool,
-        signature -> Binary,
-        voted_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
-diesel::table! {
-    proposal_vote (id) {
-        id -> Integer,
-        proposal_id -> Integer,
-        operator_id -> Integer,
-        approve -> Bool,
-        signature -> Binary,
-        voted_at -> Integer,
-    }
-}
-
 diesel::table! {
     program_client (id) {
         id -> Integer,
@@ -277,6 +185,15 @@ diesel::table! {
     }
 }
 
+diesel::table! {
+    operator_client (id) {
+        id -> Integer,
+        public_key -> Binary,
+        created_at -> Integer,
+        updated_at -> Integer,
+    }
+}
+
 diesel::joinable!(aead_encrypted -> root_key_history (associated_root_key_id));
 diesel::joinable!(arbiter_settings -> root_key_history (root_key_id));
 diesel::joinable!(arbiter_settings -> tls_history (tls_id));
@@ -295,24 +212,10 @@ diesel::joinable!(evm_transaction_log -> evm_wallet_access (wallet_access_id));
 diesel::joinable!(evm_wallet -> aead_encrypted (aead_encrypted_id));
 diesel::joinable!(evm_wallet_access -> evm_wallet (wallet_id));
 diesel::joinable!(evm_wallet_access -> program_client (client_id));
-diesel::joinable!(operator -> operator_identity (id));
 diesel::joinable!(program_client -> client_metadata (metadata_id));
-diesel::joinable!(proposal -> operator_identity (initiator_id));
-diesel::joinable!(proposal_result -> proposal (proposal_id));
-diesel::joinable!(proposal_vote -> proposal (proposal_id));
-diesel::joinable!(proposal_vote -> operator_identity (operator_id));
-diesel::joinable!(recovery_operator -> recovery_operator_identity (id));
-diesel::joinable!(recovery_proposal_vote -> proposal (proposal_id));
-diesel::joinable!(recovery_proposal_vote -> recovery_operator_identity (recovery_operator_id));
-diesel::joinable!(recovery_wakeup_request -> operator_identity (requested_by));
 
 diesel::allow_tables_to_appear_in_same_query!(
     aead_encrypted,
-    proposal_result,
-    recovery_operator,
-    recovery_operator_identity,
-    recovery_wakeup_request,
-    recovery_proposal_vote,
     arbiter_settings,
     client_metadata,
     client_metadata_history,
@@ -327,11 +230,8 @@ diesel::allow_tables_to_appear_in_same_query!(
     evm_wallet,
     evm_wallet_access,
     integrity_envelope,
-    operator,
-    operator_identity,
     program_client,
-    proposal,
-    proposal_vote,
     root_key_history,
     tls_history,
+    operator_client,
 );

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/evm/mod.rs

@@ -1,28 +1,34 @@
+use diesel_async::{AsyncConnection, RunQueryDsl};
+use kameo::actor::ActorRef;
+
 use crate::{
     actors::vault::Vault,
     crypto::integrity,
     db::{
         self, DatabaseError,
         models::{
-            EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, NewEvmBasicGrant, NewEvmTransactionLog, SqliteTimestamp,
+            EvmBasicGrant, EvmEtherTransferGrant, EvmEtherTransferGrantTarget,
+            EvmEtherTransferLimit, EvmTokenTransferGrant, EvmTokenTransferVolumeLimit,
+            EvmWalletAccess, NewEvmBasicGrant, NewEvmTransactionLog, SqliteTimestamp,
         },
         schema::{self, evm_transaction_log},
     },
     evm::policies::{
         CombinedSettings, DatabaseID, EvalContext, EvalViolation, Grant, Policy,
-        SharedGrantSettings, SpecificGrant, SpecificMeaning, ether_transfer::EtherTransfer,
+        SharedGrantSettings, SpecificGrant, SpecificMeaning, VolumeRateLimit,
-        token_transfers::TokenTransfer,
+        ether_transfer::EtherTransfer, token_transfers::TokenTransfer,
     },
 };
 
 use alloy::{
     consensus::TxEip1559,
-    primitives::{TxKind, U256},
+    primitives::{Address, TxKind, U256},
 };
 use chrono::Utc;
-use diesel::{ExpressionMethods as _, QueryDsl as _, QueryResult, insert_into, sqlite::Sqlite};
+use diesel::{
-use diesel_async::{AsyncConnection, RunQueryDsl};
+    ExpressionMethods as _, OptionalExtension, QueryDsl as _, QueryResult, SelectableHelper,
-use kameo::actor::ActorRef;
+    insert_into, sqlite::Sqlite, update,
+};
 
 pub mod abi;
 pub mod safe_signer;
@@ -272,6 +278,151 @@ impl Engine {
         Ok(id)
     }
 
+    pub async fn revoke_grant(
+        &self,
+        basic_grant_id: i32,
+    ) -> Result<(), DatabaseError> {
+        let mut conn = self.db.get().await.map_err(DatabaseError::from)?;
+        let vault = self.vault.clone();
+
+        conn.transaction(async move |conn| {
+            use crate::db::schema::{
+                evm_basic_grant, evm_ether_transfer_grant, evm_ether_transfer_grant_target,
+                evm_ether_transfer_limit, evm_token_transfer_grant,
+                evm_token_transfer_volume_limit,
+            };
+
+            update(evm_basic_grant::table)
+                .filter(evm_basic_grant::id.eq(basic_grant_id))
+                .set(evm_basic_grant::revoked_at.eq(SqliteTimestamp(Utc::now())))
+                .execute(&mut *conn)
+                .await?;
+
+            let basic_grant: EvmBasicGrant = evm_basic_grant::table
+                .filter(evm_basic_grant::id.eq(basic_grant_id))
+                .select(EvmBasicGrant::as_select())
+                .first(&mut *conn)
+                .await?;
+
+            let shared = SharedGrantSettings::try_from_model(basic_grant)?;
+
+            if let Some(ether_grant) = evm_ether_transfer_grant::table
+                .filter(evm_ether_transfer_grant::basic_grant_id.eq(basic_grant_id))
+                .select(EvmEtherTransferGrant::as_select())
+                .first(&mut *conn)
+                .await
+                .optional()?
+            {
+                let target_rows: Vec<EvmEtherTransferGrantTarget> =
+                    evm_ether_transfer_grant_target::table
+                        .filter(evm_ether_transfer_grant_target::grant_id.eq(ether_grant.id))
+                        .select(EvmEtherTransferGrantTarget::as_select())
+                        .load(&mut *conn)
+                        .await?;
+                let targets: Vec<Address> = target_rows
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .filter_map(|target| {
+                        let arr: [u8; 20] = target.address.try_into().ok()?;
+                        Some(Address::from(arr))
+                    })
+                    .collect();
+
+                let limit: EvmEtherTransferLimit = evm_ether_transfer_limit::table
+                    .filter(evm_ether_transfer_limit::id.eq(ether_grant.limit_id))
+                    .select(EvmEtherTransferLimit::as_select())
+                    .first(&mut *conn)
+                    .await?;
+
+                let settings = CombinedSettings {
+                    shared: shared.clone(),
+                    specific: policies::ether_transfer::Settings {
+                        target: targets,
+                        limit: VolumeRateLimit {
+                            max_volume: utils::try_bytes_to_u256(&limit.max_volume).map_err(
+                                |err| {
+                                    diesel::result::Error::DeserializationError(Box::new(err))
+                                },
+                            )?,
+                            window: chrono::Duration::seconds(limit.window_secs.into()),
+                        },
+                    },
+                };
+
+                integrity::sign_entity(&mut *conn, &vault, &settings, basic_grant_id)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|_| diesel::result::Error::RollbackTransaction)?;
+
+                return QueryResult::Ok(());
+            }
+
+            if let Some(token_grant) = evm_token_transfer_grant::table
+                .filter(evm_token_transfer_grant::basic_grant_id.eq(basic_grant_id))
+                .select(EvmTokenTransferGrant::as_select())
+                .first(&mut *conn)
+                .await
+                .optional()?
+            {
+                let volume_limit_rows: Vec<EvmTokenTransferVolumeLimit> =
+                    evm_token_transfer_volume_limit::table
+                        .filter(evm_token_transfer_volume_limit::grant_id.eq(token_grant.id))
+                        .select(EvmTokenTransferVolumeLimit::as_select())
+                        .load(&mut *conn)
+                        .await?;
+                let volume_limits: Vec<VolumeRateLimit> = volume_limit_rows
+                    .into_iter()
+                    .map(|row| {
+                        Ok(VolumeRateLimit {
+                            max_volume: utils::try_bytes_to_u256(&row.max_volume).map_err(
+                                |err| {
+                                    diesel::result::Error::DeserializationError(Box::new(err))
+                                },
+                            )?,
+                            window: chrono::Duration::seconds(row.window_secs.into()),
+                        })
+                    })
+                    .collect::<QueryResult<Vec<_>>>()?;
+
+                let target: Option<Address> = match token_grant.receiver {
+                    None => None,
+                    Some(bytes) => {
+                        let arr: [u8; 20] = bytes.try_into().map_err(|_| {
+                            diesel::result::Error::DeserializationError(
+                                "Invalid receiver address length".into(),
+                            )
+                        })?;
+                        Some(Address::from(arr))
+                    }
+                };
+
+                let token_contract: [u8; 20] =
+                    token_grant.token_contract.clone().try_into().map_err(|_| {
+                        diesel::result::Error::DeserializationError(
+                            "Invalid token contract address length".into(),
+                        )
+                    })?;
+
+                let settings = CombinedSettings {
+                    shared,
+                    specific: policies::token_transfers::Settings {
+                        token_contract: Address::from(token_contract),
+                        target,
+                        volume_limits,
+                    },
+                };
+
+                integrity::sign_entity(&mut *conn, &vault, &settings, basic_grant_id)
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|_| diesel::result::Error::RollbackTransaction)?;
+
+                return QueryResult::Ok(());
+            }
+
+            Err(diesel::result::Error::NotFound)
+        })
+        .await
+        .map_err(DatabaseError::from)
+    }
+
     async fn list_one_kind<Kind: Policy, Y>(
         &self,
         conn: &mut impl AsyncConnection<Backend = Sqlite>,
@@ -351,21 +502,26 @@ impl Engine {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use alloy::primitives::{Address, Bytes, U256, address};
+    use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
     use chrono::{Duration, Utc};
     use diesel::{SelectableHelper, insert_into};
     use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
+    use kameo::{actor::ActorRef, prelude::Spawn};
     use rstest::rstest;
 
+    use crate::actors::{GlobalActors, vault::{Bootstrap, Vault}};
+    use crate::crypto::integrity;
     use crate::db::{
         self, DatabaseConnection,
         models::{
-            EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, EvmWalletId, NewEvmBasicGrant, NewEvmTransactionLog,
+            EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, NewEvmBasicGrant, NewEvmTransactionLog, SqliteTimestamp,
-            SqliteTimestamp,
         },
         schema::{evm_basic_grant, evm_transaction_log},
     };
+    use crate::evm::policies::ether_transfer::EtherTransfer;
     use crate::evm::policies::{
-        EvalContext, EvalViolation, SharedGrantSettings, TransactionRateLimit,
+        CombinedSettings, EvalContext, EvalViolation, Policy, SharedGrantSettings,
+        TransactionRateLimit, VolumeRateLimit,
     };
 
     use super::check_shared_constraints;
@@ -378,7 +534,7 @@ mod tests {
         EvalContext {
             target: EvmWalletAccess {
                 id: WALLET_ACCESS_ID,
-                wallet_id: EvmWalletId::from_raw(5),
+                wallet_id: 10,
                 client_id: 20,
                 created_at: SqliteTimestamp(Utc::now()),
             },
@@ -397,6 +553,7 @@ mod tests {
             chain: CHAIN_ID,
             valid_from: None,
             valid_until: None,
+            revoked_at: None,
             max_gas_fee_per_gas: None,
             max_priority_fee_per_gas: None,
             rate_limit: None,
@@ -605,4 +762,115 @@ mod tests {
             assert!(violations.is_empty());
         }
     }
+
+    async fn bootstrapped_vault(db: &db::DatabasePool) -> ActorRef<Vault> {
+        let actor = Vault::spawn(
+            Vault::new(db.clone(), GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
+                .await
+                .unwrap(),
+        );
+        actor
+            .ask(Bootstrap {
+                seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"integrity-test-seal-key".to_vec()),
+            })
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+        actor
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn revoke_grant_preserves_revoked_integrity() {
+        use crate::db::schema::evm_basic_grant;
+        use diesel::ExpressionMethods as _;
+
+        let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
+        let vault = bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
+        let engine = super::Engine::new(db.clone(), vault.clone());
+
+        let full_grant = CombinedSettings {
+            shared: SharedGrantSettings {
+                wallet_access_id: WALLET_ACCESS_ID,
+                chain: CHAIN_ID,
+                valid_from: None,
+                valid_until: None,
+                revoked_at: None,
+                max_gas_fee_per_gas: None,
+                max_priority_fee_per_gas: None,
+                rate_limit: None,
+            },
+            specific: super::policies::ether_transfer::Settings {
+                target: vec![RECIPIENT],
+                limit: VolumeRateLimit {
+                    max_volume: U256::from(100u64),
+                    window: Duration::hours(1),
+                },
+            },
+        };
+
+        let grant_id = engine
+            .create_grant::<EtherTransfer>(full_grant)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        engine.revoke_grant(grant_id).await.unwrap();
+
+        let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
+        diesel::update(evm_basic_grant::table)
+            .filter(evm_basic_grant::id.eq(grant_id))
+            .set(evm_basic_grant::revoked_at.eq::<Option<SqliteTimestamp>>(None))
+            .execute(&mut conn)
+            .await
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let wallet_access = EvmWalletAccess {
+            id: WALLET_ACCESS_ID,
+            wallet_id: 10,
+            client_id: 20,
+            created_at: SqliteTimestamp(Utc::now()),
+        };
+        let context = EvalContext {
+            target: wallet_access,
+            chain: CHAIN_ID,
+            to: RECIPIENT,
+            value: U256::ONE,
+            calldata: Bytes::new(),
+            max_fee_per_gas: 1,
+            max_priority_fee_per_gas: 1,
+        };
+
+        let grant = EtherTransfer::try_find_grant(
+            &context, &mut conn,
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap()
+        .unwrap();
+
+        let result =
+            integrity::verify_entity(&mut conn, &vault, &grant.settings, grant.id).await;
+
+        assert!(matches!(
+            result,
+            Err(integrity::Error::MacMismatch { .. })
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn shared_settings_hash_changes_when_revoked_at_changes() {
+        use arbiter_crypto::hashing::Hashable;
+        use sha2::Digest;
+
+        let active = shared_settings();
+        let revoked = SharedGrantSettings {
+            revoked_at: Some(Utc::now()),
+            ..shared_settings()
+        };
+
+        let mut active_hash = sha2::Sha256::new();
+        active.hash(&mut active_hash);
+
+        let mut revoked_hash = sha2::Sha256::new();
+        revoked.hash(&mut revoked_hash);
+
+        assert_ne!(active_hash.finalize(), revoked_hash.finalize());
+    }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/evm/policies.rs

@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ pub struct SharedGrantSettings {
 
     pub valid_from: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
     pub valid_until: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
+    pub revoked_at: Option<DateTime<Utc>>,
 
     pub max_gas_fee_per_gas: Option<U256>,
     pub max_priority_fee_per_gas: Option<U256>,
@@ -158,6 +159,7 @@ impl SharedGrantSettings {
             chain: model.chain_id.into(),
             valid_from: model.valid_from.map(Into::into),
             valid_until: model.valid_until.map(Into::into),
+            revoked_at: model.revoked_at.map(Into::into),
             max_gas_fee_per_gas: model
                 .max_gas_fee_per_gas
                 .map(|b| utils::try_bytes_to_u256(&b))

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/evm/policies/ether_transfer/tests.rs

@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@ use crate::{
     db::{
         self, DatabaseConnection,
         models::{
-            EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, EvmWalletId, NewEvmBasicGrant, NewEvmTransactionLog,
+            EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, NewEvmBasicGrant, NewEvmTransactionLog, SqliteTimestamp,
-            SqliteTimestamp,
         },
         schema::{evm_basic_grant, evm_transaction_log},
     },
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ fn ctx(to: Address, value: U256) -> EvalContext {
     EvalContext {
         target: EvmWalletAccess {
             id: WALLET_ACCESS_ID,
-            wallet_id: EvmWalletId::from_raw(10),
+            wallet_id: 10,
             client_id: 20,
             created_at: SqliteTimestamp(Utc::now()),
         },
@@ -80,6 +79,7 @@ fn shared() -> SharedGrantSettings {
         chain: CHAIN_ID,
         valid_from: None,
         valid_until: None,
+        revoked_at: None,
         max_gas_fee_per_gas: None,
         max_priority_fee_per_gas: None,
         rate_limit: None,

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/evm/policies/token_transfers/tests.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use super::{Settings, TokenTransfer};
 use crate::{
     db::{
         self, DatabaseConnection,
-        models::{EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, EvmWalletId, NewEvmBasicGrant, SqliteTimestamp},
+        models::{EvmBasicGrant, EvmWalletAccess, NewEvmBasicGrant, SqliteTimestamp},
         schema::evm_basic_grant,
     },
     evm::{
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ fn ctx(to: Address, calldata: Bytes) -> EvalContext {
     EvalContext {
         target: EvmWalletAccess {
             id: WALLET_ACCESS_ID,
-            wallet_id: EvmWalletId::from_raw(10),
+            wallet_id: 10,
             client_id: 20,
             created_at: SqliteTimestamp(Utc::now()),
         },
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ fn shared() -> SharedGrantSettings {
         chain: CHAIN_ID,
         valid_from: None,
         valid_until: None,
+        revoked_at: None,
         max_gas_fee_per_gas: None,
         max_priority_fee_per_gas: None,
         rate_limit: None,

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/evm/safe_signer.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Debug for SafeSigner {
 /// Returns the protected key bytes and the derived Ethereum address.
 pub fn generate(rng: &mut impl rand::Rng) -> (SafeCell<[u8; 32]>, Address) {
     loop {
-        let mut cell = SafeCell::new_inline_default(|w: &mut [u8; 32]| {
+        let mut cell = SafeCell::new_inline(|w: &mut [u8; 32]| {
             rng.fill_bytes(w);
         });
 

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/client/auth.rs

@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ impl Convert for auth::Outbound {
                         .timestamp
                         .timestamp_nanos_opt()
                         .expect("timestamp within range")
-                        as u64,
+                        .cast_unsigned(),
                     random: challenge.nonce.to_vec(),
                 })
             }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ use tracing::{error, info, warn};
 
 mod auth;
 mod evm;
-mod governance;
 mod inbound;
 mod outbound;
 mod sdk_client;
@@ -116,7 +115,6 @@ async fn dispatch_inner(
             warn!("Unsupported post-auth operator auth request");
             Err(Status::invalid_argument("Unsupported operator request"))
         }
-        OperatorRequestPayload::Governance(req) => governance::dispatch(actor, req).await,
     }
 }
 

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/auth.rs

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ impl Sender<Result<auth::Outbound, auth::Error>> for AuthTransportAdapter<'_> {
                         .timestamp
                         .timestamp_nanos_opt()
                         .expect("timestamp within range")
-                        as u64,
+                        .cast_unsigned(),
                     random: challenge.nonce.to_vec(),
                 })
             }
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ impl Receiver<auth::Inbound> for AuthTransportAdapter<'_> {
 
                 Some(auth::Inbound::AuthChallengeRequest {
                     pubkey,
-                    bootstrap_token,
+                    bootstrap_token: bootstrap_token.map(String::into_bytes),
                 })
             }
             AuthRequestPayload::ChallengeSolution(ProtoAuthChallengeSolution { signature }) => {

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/evm.rs

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ async fn handle_wallet_list(
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|(id, address)| WalletEntry {
                     address: address.to_vec(),
-                    id: id.to_raw(),
+                    id,
                 })
                 .collect(),
         }),
@@ -217,6 +217,11 @@ async fn handle_sign_transaction(
                 result: Some(vet_error.convert()),
             }
         }
+        Err(kameo::error::SendError::HandlerError(
+            SessionSignTransactionError::ClientNotConnected,
+        )) => {
+            return Err(Status::permission_denied("client not connected"));
+        }
         Err(kameo::error::SendError::HandlerError(SessionSignTransactionError::Internal)) => {
             EvmSignTransactionResponse {
                 result: Some(EvmSignTransactionResult::Error(

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/governance.rs

@@ -1,155 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    actors::proposal_manager::{Error as ProposalError, ProposalKind, VoteOutcome},
-    peers::operator::{
-        OperatorSession,
-        session::handlers::{HandleCastVote, HandleCreateProposal, HandleQueryPending},
-    },
-};
-use arbiter_proto::proto::operator::{
-    governance::{
-        self as proto_gov, CreateProposalRequest, QueryPendingRequest, QueryPendingResponse,
-        VoteOutcome as ProtoVoteOutcome, create_proposal_request::Kind as ProtoKind,
-        request::Payload as GovRequestPayload, response::Payload as GovResponsePayload,
-    },
-    operator_response::Payload as OperatorResponsePayload,
-};
-use kameo::actor::ActorRef;
-use tonic::Status;
-use tracing::warn;
-
-const fn wrap(payload: GovResponsePayload) -> OperatorResponsePayload {
-    OperatorResponsePayload::Governance(proto_gov::Response {
-        payload: Some(payload),
-    })
-}
-
-pub(super) async fn dispatch(
-    actor: &ActorRef<OperatorSession>,
-    req: proto_gov::Request,
-) -> Result<Option<OperatorResponsePayload>, Status> {
-    let Some(payload) = req.payload else {
-        return Err(Status::invalid_argument(
-            "Missing governance request payload",
-        ));
-    };
-
-    match payload {
-        GovRequestPayload::Create(req) => handle_create(actor, req).await,
-        GovRequestPayload::Vote(req) => handle_vote(actor, req).await,
-        GovRequestPayload::Query(QueryPendingRequest {}) => handle_query(actor).await,
-    }
-}
-
-async fn handle_create(
-    actor: &ActorRef<OperatorSession>,
-    req: CreateProposalRequest,
-) -> Result<Option<OperatorResponsePayload>, Status> {
-    let kind = match req.kind {
-        Some(ProtoKind::ApproveSdkClient(p)) => ProposalKind::ApproveSdkClient {
-            client_id: p.client_id,
-        },
-        Some(ProtoKind::GrantWalletAccess(p)) => ProposalKind::GrantWalletAccess {
-            wallet_id: p.wallet_id,
-            client_id: p.client_id,
-        },
-        Some(ProtoKind::ApproveServerUpdate(_)) => ProposalKind::ApproveServerUpdate,
-        Some(ProtoKind::ReplaceOperator(p)) => ProposalKind::ReplaceOperator {
-            old_operator_id: p.old_operator_id,
-            new_pubkey: p.new_pubkey,
-        },
-        Some(ProtoKind::UpdateShamirParameters(p)) => ProposalKind::UpdateShamirParameters {
-            #[expect(
-                clippy::cast_possible_truncation,
-                clippy::as_conversions,
-                reason = "new_n is always a small operator count"
-            )]
-            new_n: p.new_n as u8,
-        },
-        Some(ProtoKind::ApprovePersistentGrant(p)) => {
-            use prost::Message as _;
-            ProposalKind::ApprovePersistentGrant {
-                payload_bytes: p.encode_to_vec(),
-            }
-        }
-        Some(ProtoKind::ApproveOneOffTransaction(p)) => {
-            use prost::Message as _;
-            ProposalKind::ApproveOneOffTransaction {
-                payload_bytes: p.encode_to_vec(),
-            }
-        }
-        None => return Err(Status::invalid_argument("Missing proposal kind")),
-    };
-    let ttl_secs = req.ttl_secs.map(i64::from);
-
-    let proposal_id = actor
-        .ask(HandleCreateProposal { kind, ttl_secs })
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(?e, "create_proposal failed");
-            Status::internal("Failed to create proposal")
-        })?;
-
-    Ok(Some(wrap(GovResponsePayload::Created(
-        proto_gov::CreateProposalResponse { proposal_id },
-    ))))
-}
-
-async fn handle_vote(
-    actor: &ActorRef<OperatorSession>,
-    req: proto_gov::CastVoteRequest,
-) -> Result<Option<OperatorResponsePayload>, Status> {
-    let result = actor
-        .ask(HandleCastVote {
-            proposal_id: req.proposal_id,
-            approve: req.approve,
-            signature: req.signature,
-        })
-        .await;
-
-    let outcome = match result {
-        Ok(VoteOutcome::Pending) => ProtoVoteOutcome::Pending,
-        Ok(VoteOutcome::QuorumApproved) => ProtoVoteOutcome::Approved,
-        Ok(VoteOutcome::QuorumRejected) => ProtoVoteOutcome::Rejected,
-        Err(kameo::error::SendError::HandlerError(ProposalError::AlreadyVoted)) => {
-            return Err(Status::invalid_argument("Already voted on this proposal"));
-        }
-        Err(kameo::error::SendError::HandlerError(ProposalError::InvalidSignature)) => {
-            return Err(Status::invalid_argument("Invalid vote signature"));
-        }
-        Err(kameo::error::SendError::HandlerError(ProposalError::ProposalNotFound)) => {
-            return Err(Status::not_found("Proposal not found"));
-        }
-        Err(e) => {
-            warn!(?e, "cast_vote failed");
-            return Err(Status::internal("Failed to cast vote"));
-        }
-    };
-
-    Ok(Some(wrap(GovResponsePayload::Voted(
-        proto_gov::VoteResponse {
-            outcome: outcome.into(),
-        },
-    ))))
-}
-
-async fn handle_query(
-    actor: &ActorRef<OperatorSession>,
-) -> Result<Option<OperatorResponsePayload>, Status> {
-    let summaries = actor.ask(HandleQueryPending {}).await.unwrap_or_default();
-
-    let proposals = summaries
-        .into_iter()
-        .map(|s| proto_gov::ProposalSummary {
-            id: s.id,
-            kind: s.kind,
-            initiator_id: s.initiator_id,
-            expires_at: s.expires_at.0.timestamp(),
-            approve_count: s.approve_count,
-            reject_count: s.reject_count,
-        })
-        .collect();
-
-    Ok(Some(wrap(GovResponsePayload::Pending(
-        QueryPendingResponse { proposals },
-    ))))
-}

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/inbound.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 use crate::{
-    db::models::{CoreEvmWalletAccess, EvmWalletId, NewEvmWalletAccess},
+    db::models::{CoreEvmWalletAccess, NewEvmWalletAccess},
     evm::policies::{
         SharedGrantSettings, SpecificGrant, TransactionRateLimit, VolumeRateLimit, ether_transfer,
         token_transfers,
     },
-    grpc::{Convert, TryConvert},
+    grpc::Convert,
+    grpc::TryConvert,
 };
 use arbiter_proto::{
     proto::evm::{
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ impl TryConvert for ProtoSharedSettings {
                 .valid_until
                 .map(ProtoTimestamp::try_convert)
                 .transpose()?,
+            revoked_at: None,
             max_gas_fee_per_gas: self
                 .max_gas_fee_per_gas
                 .as_deref()
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ impl Convert for WalletAccess {
 
     fn convert(self) -> Self::Output {
         NewEvmWalletAccess {
-            wallet_id: EvmWalletId::from_raw(self.wallet_id),
+            wallet_id: self.wallet_id,
             client_id: self.sdk_client_id,
         }
     }
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ impl TryConvert for SdkClientWalletAccess {
             return Err(Status::invalid_argument("Missing wallet access entry"));
         };
         Ok(CoreEvmWalletAccess {
-            wallet_id: EvmWalletId::from_raw(access.wallet_id),
+            wallet_id: access.wallet_id,
             client_id: access.sdk_client_id,
             id: self.id,
         })

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/outbound.rs

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ impl Convert for EvmWalletAccess {
         Self::Output {
             id: self.id,
             access: Some(WalletAccess {
-                wallet_id: self.wallet_id.to_raw(),
+                wallet_id: self.wallet_id,
                 sdk_client_id: self.client_id,
             }),
         }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/sdk_client.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use crate::{
     db::models::NewEvmWalletAccess,
     grpc::Convert,
     peers::operator::{
-        OperatorSession, OutOfBand,
+        OutOfBand, OperatorSession,
         session::handlers::{
             HandleGrantEvmWalletAccess, HandleListWalletAccess, HandleNewClientApprove,
             HandleRevokeEvmWalletAccess, HandleSdkClientList,
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use arbiter_crypto::authn;
 use arbiter_proto::proto::{
+    shared::ClientInfo as ProtoClientMetadata,
     operator::{
-        operator_response::Payload as OperatorResponsePayload,
         sdk_client::{
             self as proto_sdk_client, ConnectionCancel as ProtoSdkClientConnectionCancel,
             ConnectionRequest as ProtoSdkClientConnectionRequest,
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ use arbiter_proto::proto::{
             request::Payload as SdkClientRequestPayload,
             response::Payload as SdkClientResponsePayload,
         },
+        operator_response::Payload as OperatorResponsePayload,
     },
-    shared::ClientInfo as ProtoClientMetadata,
 };
 
 use kameo::actor::ActorRef;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async fn handle_list(
             clients: clients
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|(client, metadata)| ProtoSdkClientEntry {
-                    id: client.id.to_raw(),
+                    id: client.id,
                     pubkey: client.public_key.clone(),
                     info: Some(ProtoClientMetadata {
                         name: metadata.name,

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/vault.rs

@@ -1,24 +1,16 @@
 use crate::{
     actors::vault::VaultState,
-    peers::operator::{
+    peers::operator::{OperatorSession, session::handlers::HandleQueryVaultState},
-        OperatorSession,
-        session::handlers::{
-            HandleContributeRecoveryRekeyPassphrase, HandleContributeRekeyPassphrase,
-            HandleQueryVaultState,
-        },
-    },
 };
 use arbiter_proto::{
+    proto::shared::VaultState as ProtoVaultState,
     proto::operator::{
         operator_response::Payload as OperatorResponsePayload,
         vault::{
-            self as proto_vault,
+            self as proto_vault, request::Payload as VaultRequestPayload,
-            rekey::{self as proto_rekey, RekeyResult as ProtoRekeyResult},
-            request::Payload as VaultRequestPayload,
             response::Payload as VaultResponsePayload,
         },
     },
-    proto::shared::VaultState as ProtoVaultState,
 };
 
 use kameo::actor::ActorRef;
@@ -41,7 +33,6 @@ pub(super) async fn dispatch(
 
     match payload {
         VaultRequestPayload::QueryState(()) => handle_query_vault_state(actor).await,
-        VaultRequestPayload::Rekey(req) => handle_rekey(actor, req).await,
         VaultRequestPayload::Unseal(_) | VaultRequestPayload::Bootstrap(_) => {
             Err(Status::permission_denied(
                 "Vault is already unsealed; unseal/bootstrap not permitted in session",
@@ -50,51 +41,6 @@ pub(super) async fn dispatch(
     }
 }
 
-async fn handle_rekey(
-    actor: &ActorRef<OperatorSession>,
-    req: proto_rekey::Request,
-) -> Result<Option<OperatorResponsePayload>, Status> {
-    use arbiter_proto::proto::operator::vault::rekey::request::Payload as RekeyPayload;
-
-    let payload = req
-        .payload
-        .ok_or_else(|| Status::invalid_argument("Missing rekey payload"))?;
-
-    let done: bool = match payload {
-        RekeyPayload::ContributePassphrase(cp) => actor
-            .ask(HandleContributeRekeyPassphrase {
-                passphrase: cp.passphrase,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| {
-                warn!(?e, "rekey passphrase contribution failed");
-                Status::internal("Rekey contribution failed")
-            })?,
-        RekeyPayload::ContributeRecoveryPassphrase(crp) => actor
-            .ask(HandleContributeRecoveryRekeyPassphrase {
-                recovery_operator_id: crp.recovery_operator_id,
-                passphrase: crp.passphrase,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| {
-                warn!(?e, "rekey recovery passphrase contribution failed");
-                Status::internal("Rekey recovery contribution failed")
-            })?,
-    };
-
-    let proto_result = if done {
-        ProtoRekeyResult::Success
-    } else {
-        ProtoRekeyResult::AwaitingContributions
-    };
-
-    Ok(Some(wrap_vault_response(VaultResponsePayload::Rekey(
-        proto_rekey::Response {
-            result: proto_result.into(),
-        },
-    ))))
-}
-
 async fn handle_query_vault_state(
     actor: &ActorRef<OperatorSession>,
 ) -> Result<Option<OperatorResponsePayload>, Status> {

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/vault_gate/inbound.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 use crate::{
     grpc::{Convert, TryConvert},
     peers::operator::vault_gate::{
-        self as vault_gate, HandleBootstrapEncryptedKey, HandleContributeBootstrapPassphrase,
+        self as vault_gate, HandleBootstrapEncryptedKey, HandleHandshake, HandleUnsealEncryptedKey,
-        HandleContributeRecoveryBootstrapPassphrase, HandleContributeRecoveryUnsealPassphrase,
-        HandleContributeUnsealPassphrase, HandleDeclareCommittee, HandleHandshake,
-        HandleUnsealEncryptedKey,
     },
 };
 use arbiter_proto::proto::operator::{
     operator_request::Payload as OperatorRequestPayload,
     vault::{
         self as proto_vault,
-        bootstrap::{self as proto_bootstrap, request::Payload as BootstrapRequestPayload},
+        bootstrap::{self as proto_bootstrap},
         request::Payload as VaultRequestPayload,
         unseal::{self as proto_unseal, request::Payload as UnsealRequestPayload},
     },
@@ -53,9 +50,6 @@ impl TryConvert for VaultRequestPayload {
             Self::QueryState(()) => Ok(vault_gate::Inbound::HandleVaultState),
             Self::Unseal(req) => req.try_convert(),
             Self::Bootstrap(req) => req.try_convert(),
-            Self::Rekey(_) => Err(Status::permission_denied(
-                "Rekey requires an authenticated session",
-            )),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -79,21 +73,6 @@ impl TryConvert for UnsealRequestPayload {
         match self {
             Self::Start(start) => start.try_convert(),
             Self::EncryptedKey(key) => Ok(key.convert()),
-            Self::ContributePassphrase(cp) => Ok(
-                vault_gate::Inbound::HandleContributeUnsealPassphrase(
-                    HandleContributeUnsealPassphrase {
-                        passphrase: cp.passphrase,
-                    },
-                ),
-            ),
-            Self::ContributeRecoveryPassphrase(crp) => Ok(
-                vault_gate::Inbound::HandleContributeRecoveryUnsealPassphrase(
-                    HandleContributeRecoveryUnsealPassphrase {
-                        recovery_operator_id: crp.recovery_operator_id,
-                        passphrase: crp.passphrase,
-                    },
-                ),
-            ),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -128,44 +107,12 @@ impl TryConvert for proto_bootstrap::Request {
     type Error = Status;
 
     fn try_convert(self) -> Result<vault_gate::Inbound, Status> {
-        self.payload
+        self.encrypted_key
-            .ok_or_else(|| Status::invalid_argument("Missing bootstrap payload"))?
+            .ok_or_else(|| Status::invalid_argument("Missing bootstrap encrypted key"))?
             .try_convert()
     }
 }
 
-impl TryConvert for BootstrapRequestPayload {
-    type Output = vault_gate::Inbound;
-    type Error = Status;
-
-    fn try_convert(self) -> Result<vault_gate::Inbound, Status> {
-        match self {
-            Self::EncryptedKey(key) => key.try_convert(),
-            Self::DeclareCommittee(dc) => Ok(
-                vault_gate::Inbound::HandleDeclareCommittee(HandleDeclareCommittee {
-                    count: dc.count as usize,
-                    recovery_count: dc.recovery_count as usize,
-                }),
-            ),
-            Self::ContributePassphrase(cp) => Ok(
-                vault_gate::Inbound::HandleContributeBootstrapPassphrase(
-                    HandleContributeBootstrapPassphrase {
-                        passphrase: cp.passphrase,
-                    },
-                ),
-            ),
-            Self::ContributeRecoveryPassphrase(crp) => Ok(
-                vault_gate::Inbound::HandleContributeRecoveryBootstrapPassphrase(
-                    HandleContributeRecoveryBootstrapPassphrase {
-                        recovery_operator_id: crp.recovery_operator_id,
-                        passphrase: crp.passphrase,
-                    },
-                ),
-            ),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 impl TryConvert for proto_bootstrap::BootstrapEncryptedKey {
     type Output = vault_gate::Inbound;
     type Error = Status;

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/grpc/operator/vault_gate/outbound.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use crate::{
     peers::operator::vault_gate::{self as vault_gate},
 };
 use arbiter_proto::proto::{
+    shared::VaultState as ProtoVaultState,
     operator::{
         operator_response::Payload as OperatorResponsePayload,
         vault::{
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ use arbiter_proto::proto::{
             },
         },
     },
-    shared::VaultState as ProtoVaultState,
 };
 
 use tonic::Status;
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ impl TryConvert for vault_gate::Outbound {
                 let proto_result = match result {
                     Ok(()) => ProtoUnsealResult::Success,
                     Err(vault_gate::Error::InvalidKey) => ProtoUnsealResult::InvalidKey,
+                    Err(vault_gate::Error::LockedOut) => ProtoUnsealResult::LockedOut,
                     Err(err) => {
                         warn!(?err, "unseal failed");
                         return Err(Status::internal("Failed to unseal vault"));
@@ -110,68 +111,6 @@ impl TryConvert for vault_gate::Outbound {
                 };
                 Ok(wrap_bootstrap_response(proto_result))
             }
-            Self::HandleDeclareCommittee(result) => {
-                let proto_result = match result {
-                    Ok(()) => ProtoBootstrapResult::Success,
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        warn!(?err, "declare committee failed");
-                        return Err(Status::internal("Failed to declare committee"));
-                    }
-                };
-                Ok(wrap_bootstrap_response(proto_result))
-            }
-            Self::HandleContributeBootstrapPassphrase(result) => {
-                let proto_result = match result {
-                    Ok(true) => ProtoBootstrapResult::Success,
-                    Ok(false) => ProtoBootstrapResult::AwaitingContributions,
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        warn!(?err, "contribute bootstrap passphrase failed");
-                        return Err(Status::internal("Failed to contribute bootstrap passphrase"));
-                    }
-                };
-                Ok(wrap_bootstrap_response(proto_result))
-            }
-            Self::HandleContributeRecoveryBootstrapPassphrase(result) => {
-                let proto_result = match result {
-                    Ok(true) => ProtoBootstrapResult::Success,
-                    Ok(false) => ProtoBootstrapResult::AwaitingContributions,
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        warn!(?err, "contribute recovery bootstrap passphrase failed");
-                        return Err(Status::internal(
-                            "Failed to contribute recovery bootstrap passphrase",
-                        ));
-                    }
-                };
-                Ok(wrap_bootstrap_response(proto_result))
-            }
-            Self::HandleContributeUnsealPassphrase(result) => {
-                let proto_result = match result {
-                    Ok(true) => ProtoUnsealResult::Success,
-                    Ok(false) => ProtoUnsealResult::AwaitingContributions,
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        warn!(?err, "contribute unseal passphrase failed");
-                        return Err(Status::internal("Failed to contribute unseal passphrase"));
-                    }
-                };
-                Ok(wrap_unseal_response(UnsealResponsePayload::Result(
-                    proto_result.into(),
-                )))
-            }
-            Self::HandleContributeRecoveryUnsealPassphrase(result) => {
-                let proto_result = match result {
-                    Ok(true) => ProtoUnsealResult::Success,
-                    Ok(false) => ProtoUnsealResult::AwaitingContributions,
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        warn!(?err, "contribute recovery unseal passphrase failed");
-                        return Err(Status::internal(
-                            "Failed to contribute recovery unseal passphrase",
-                        ));
-                    }
-                };
-                Ok(wrap_unseal_response(UnsealResponsePayload::Result(
-                    proto_result.into(),
-                )))
-            }
         }
     }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/client/auth.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use crate::{
     crypto::integrity::{self, AttestationStatus},
     db::{
         self,
-        models::{ProgramClientMetadata, SqliteTimestamp},
+        models::ProgramClientMetadata,
         schema::program_client,
     },
 };
@@ -18,14 +18,13 @@ use arbiter_proto::{
     transport::{Bi, expect_message},
 };
 
-use chrono::Utc;
 use diesel::{
     ExpressionMethods as _, OptionalExtension as _, QueryDsl as _, SelectableHelper as _,
-    dsl::insert_into, update,
+    dsl::insert_into,
 };
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl as _;
 use kameo::{actor::ActorRef, error::SendError};
-use tracing::error;
+use tracing::{error, warn};
 
 #[derive(thiserror::Error, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum Error {
@@ -211,71 +210,47 @@ async fn insert_client(
     .await
 }
 
-async fn sync_client_metadata(
+/// Compares stored metadata against what a reconnecting client presents.
+/// Metadata is frozen after initial operator approval and must not be silently
+/// overwritten. Doing so would let an approved client forge its displayed
+/// identity in later approval prompts. Drift is logged and ignored.
+async fn check_metadata_drift(
     db: &db::DatabasePool,
     client_id: i32,
-    metadata: &ClientMetadata,
+    presented: &ClientMetadata,
 ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    use crate::db::schema::{client_metadata, client_metadata_history};
+    use crate::db::schema::client_metadata;
-
-    let now = SqliteTimestamp(Utc::now());
 
     let mut conn = db.get().await.map_err(|e| {
         error!(error = ?e, "Database pool error");
         Error::DatabasePoolUnavailable
     })?;
 
-    conn.exclusive_transaction(async |conn| {
+    let current: ProgramClientMetadata = program_client::table
-        let (current_metadata_id, current): (i32, ProgramClientMetadata) = program_client::table
+        .find(client_id)
-            .find(client_id)
+        .inner_join(client_metadata::table)
-            .inner_join(client_metadata::table)
+        .select(ProgramClientMetadata::as_select())
-            .select((
+        .first(&mut conn)
-                program_client::metadata_id,
+        .await
-                ProgramClientMetadata::as_select(),
+        .map_err(|e| {
-            ))
+            error!(error = ?e, "Database error");
-            .first(&mut *conn)
+            Error::DatabaseOperationFailed
-            .await?;
+        })?;
 
-        let unchanged = current.name == metadata.name
+    let changed = current.name != presented.name
-            && current.description == metadata.description
+        || current.description != presented.description
-            && current.version == metadata.version;
+        || current.version != presented.version;
-        if unchanged {
-            return Ok(());
-        }
 
-        insert_into(client_metadata_history::table)
+    if changed {
-            .values((
+        warn!(
-                client_metadata_history::metadata_id.eq(current_metadata_id),
+            client_id,
-                client_metadata_history::client_id.eq(client_id),
+            stored_name = %current.name,
-            ))
+            presented_name = %presented.name,
-            .execute(&mut *conn)
+            "reconnecting client presented different metadata; ignoring - metadata is frozen after operator approval"
-            .await?;
+        );
+    }
 
-        let metadata_id = insert_into(client_metadata::table)
+    Ok(())
-            .values((
-                client_metadata::name.eq(&metadata.name),
-                client_metadata::description.eq(&metadata.description),
-                client_metadata::version.eq(&metadata.version),
-            ))
-            .returning(client_metadata::id)
-            .get_result::<i32>(&mut *conn)
-            .await?;
-
-        update(program_client::table.find(client_id))
-            .set((
-                program_client::metadata_id.eq(metadata_id),
-                program_client::updated_at.eq(now),
-            ))
-            .execute(&mut *conn)
-            .await?;
-
-        Ok::<(), diesel::result::Error>(())
-    })
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| {
-        error!(error = ?e, "Database error");
-        Error::DatabaseOperationFailed
-    })
 }
 
 async fn challenge_client<T>(
@@ -324,6 +299,7 @@ where
 
     let client_id = if let Some(id) = get_client_id(&props.db, &pubkey).await? {
         verify_integrity(&props.db, &props.actors.vault, &pubkey).await?;
+        check_metadata_drift(&props.db, id, &metadata).await?;
         id
     } else {
         approve_new_client(
@@ -337,8 +313,6 @@ where
         insert_client(&props.db, &props.actors.vault, &pubkey, &metadata).await?
     };
 
-    sync_client_metadata(&props.db, client_id, &metadata).await?;
-
     let challenge = AuthChallenge::generate(&mut rand::rng());
     challenge_client(transport, pubkey, challenge).await?;
 

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/client/session.rs

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ impl Actor for ClientSession {
         args.props
             .actors
             .flow_coordinator
-            .ask(RegisterClient { actor: this })
+            .ask(RegisterClient { client_id: args.client_id, actor: this })
             .await
             .map_err(|_| Error::ConnectionRegistrationFailed)?;
         Ok(args)

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/operator/auth/mod.rs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ mod state;
 pub enum Inbound {
     AuthChallengeRequest {
         pubkey: authn::PublicKey,
-        bootstrap_token: Option<String>,
+        bootstrap_token: Option<Vec<u8>>,
     },
     AuthChallengeSolution {
         signature: Vec<u8>,

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/operator/auth/state.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use super::{
 };
 use crate::{
     actors::bootstrap::ConsumeToken,
-    db::{DatabasePool, schema::operator_identity},
+    db::{DatabasePool, schema::operator_client},
     peers::operator::auth::Outbound,
 };
 use arbiter_crypto::authn::{self, AuthChallenge, OPERATOR_CONTEXT};
@@ -14,19 +14,18 @@ use diesel::{ExpressionMethods as _, OptionalExtension as _, QueryDsl};
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
 use tracing::error;
 
-pub(crate) struct ChallengeRequest {
+pub(super) struct ChallengeRequest {
-    pub(crate) pubkey: authn::PublicKey,
+    pub(super) pubkey: authn::PublicKey,
-    pub(crate) bootstrap_token: Option<String>,
+    pub(super) bootstrap_token: Option<Vec<u8>>,
 }
 
 pub struct ChallengeContext {
-    pub challenge: AuthChallenge,
+    pub(super) challenge: AuthChallenge,
-    pub pubkey: authn::PublicKey,
+    pub(super) pubkey: authn::PublicKey,
-    pub bootstrap_token: Option<String>,
 }
 
-pub(crate) struct ChallengeSolution {
+pub(super) struct ChallengeSolution {
-    pub(crate) solution: Vec<u8>,
+    pub(super) solution: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
 smlang::statemachine!(
@@ -44,9 +43,9 @@ async fn get_client_id(db: &DatabasePool, pubkey: &authn::PublicKey) -> Result<O
         Error::internal("Database unavailable")
     })?;
 
-    operator_identity::table
+    operator_client::table
-        .filter(operator_identity::public_key.eq(pubkey.to_bytes()))
+        .filter(operator_client::public_key.eq(pubkey.to_bytes()))
-        .select(operator_identity::id)
+        .select(operator_client::id)
         .first::<i32>(&mut conn)
         .await
         .optional()
@@ -63,9 +62,9 @@ async fn register_key(db: &DatabasePool, pubkey: &authn::PublicKey) -> Result<i3
         Error::internal("Database unavailable")
     })?;
 
-    let id: i32 = diesel::insert_into(operator_identity::table)
+    let id: i32 = diesel::insert_into(operator_client::table)
-        .values((operator_identity::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes),))
+        .values((operator_client::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes),))
-        .returning(operator_identity::id)
+        .returning(operator_client::id)
         .get_result(&mut conn)
         .await
         .map_err(|e| {
@@ -79,11 +78,16 @@ async fn register_key(db: &DatabasePool, pubkey: &authn::PublicKey) -> Result<i3
 pub(super) struct AuthContext<'a, T: ?Sized> {
     pub(super) conn: &'a mut OperatorConnection,
     pub(super) transport: &'a mut T,
+    bootstrap_token: Option<Vec<u8>>,
 }
 
 impl<'a, T: ?Sized> AuthContext<'a, T> {
     pub(super) const fn new(conn: &'a mut OperatorConnection, transport: &'a mut T) -> Self {
-        Self { conn, transport }
+        Self {
+            conn,
+            transport,
+            bootstrap_token: None,
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -108,6 +112,8 @@ where
             }
         }
 
+        self.bootstrap_token = bootstrap_token;
+
         let challenge = AuthChallenge::generate(&mut rand::rng());
 
         self.transport
@@ -120,20 +126,12 @@ where
                 Error::Transport
             })?;
 
-        Ok(ChallengeContext {
+        Ok(ChallengeContext { challenge, pubkey })
-            challenge,
-            pubkey,
-            bootstrap_token,
-        })
     }
 
     async fn verify_solution(
         &mut self,
-        ChallengeContext {
+        ChallengeContext { challenge, pubkey }: &ChallengeContext,
-            challenge,
-            pubkey,
-            bootstrap_token,
-        }: &ChallengeContext,
         ChallengeSolution { solution }: ChallengeSolution,
     ) -> Result<Credentials, Self::Error> {
         let signature = authn::Signature::try_from(solution.as_slice()).map_err(|()| {
@@ -152,15 +150,13 @@ where
         }
 
         // Resolve client id: bootstrap (consume token + register) or lookup
-        let id = match bootstrap_token {
+        let id = match self.bootstrap_token.take() {
             Some(token) => {
                 let token_ok: bool = self
                     .conn
                     .actors
                     .bootstrapper
-                    .ask(ConsumeToken {
+                    .ask(ConsumeToken { token })
-                        token: token.clone(),
-                    })
                     .await
                     .map_err(|e| {
                         error!(?e, "Failed to consume bootstrap token");

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/operator/mod.rs

@@ -180,7 +180,6 @@ where
 
     Ok(OperatorSession::spawn(OperatorSession::new(
         props.clone(),
-        creds.clone(),
         oob_sender,
     )))
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/operator/session/handlers.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 use super::{Error, OperatorSession};
 use crate::{
-    actors::{
+    actors::evm::{
-        evm::{
+        ClientSignTransaction, Generate, ListWallets, OperatorCreateGrant, OperatorListGrants,
-            ClientSignTransaction, Generate, ListWallets, OperatorCreateGrant, OperatorDeleteGrant,
+        SignTransactionError as EvmSignError,
-            OperatorListGrants, SignTransactionError as EvmSignError,
-        },
-        flow_coordinator::client_connect_approval::ClientApprovalAnswer,
-        vault::VaultState,
     },
-    db::models::{
+    actors::flow_coordinator::{IsClientConnected, client_connect_approval::ClientApprovalAnswer},
-        EvmWalletAccess, EvmWalletId, NewEvmWalletAccess, ProgramClient, ProgramClientMetadata,
+    actors::vault::VaultState,
+    db::{
+        models::{EvmWalletAccess, NewEvmWalletAccess, ProgramClient, ProgramClientMetadata},
+        schema::program_client,
     },
     evm::policies::{Grant, SpecificGrant},
 };
@@ -19,13 +18,16 @@ use alloy::{consensus::TxEip1559, primitives::Address, signers::Signature};
 use diesel::{ExpressionMethods as _, QueryDsl as _, SelectableHelper};
 use diesel_async::{AsyncConnection, RunQueryDsl};
 use kameo::{error::SendError, messages, prelude::Context};
-use tracing::error;
+use tracing::{error, info, warn};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 pub enum SignTransactionError {
     #[error("Policy evaluation failed")]
     Vet(#[from] crate::evm::VetError),
 
+    #[error("Client not connected")]
+    ClientNotConnected,
+
     #[error("Internal signing error")]
     Internal,
 }
@@ -74,9 +76,7 @@ impl OperatorSession {
     }
 
     #[message]
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_evm_wallet_list(
+    pub(crate) async fn handle_evm_wallet_list(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<(i32, Address)>, Error> {
-        &mut self,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<(EvmWalletId, Address)>, Error> {
         match self.props.actors.evm.ask(ListWallets {}).await {
             Ok(wallets) => Ok(wallets),
             Err(err) => {
@@ -122,23 +122,22 @@ impl OperatorSession {
     }
 
     #[message]
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_grant_delete(
+    pub(crate) fn handle_grant_delete(&mut self, grant_id: i32) -> Result<(), GrantMutationError> {
-        &mut self,
+        // match self
-        grant_id: i32,
+        //     .props
-    ) -> Result<(), GrantMutationError> {
+        //     .actors
-        match self
+        //     .evm
-            .props
+        //     .ask(OperatorDeleteGrant { grant_id })
-            .actors
+        //     .await
-            .evm
+        // {
-            .ask(OperatorDeleteGrant { grant_id })
+        //     Ok(()) => Ok(()),
-            .await
+        //     Err(err) => {
-        {
+        //         error!(?err, "EVM grant delete failed");
-            Ok(()) => Ok(()),
+        //         Err(GrantMutationError::Internal)
-            Err(err) => {
+        //     }
-                error!(?err, "EVM grant delete failed");
+        // }
-                Err(GrantMutationError::Internal)
+        let _ = grant_id;
-            }
+        todo!()
-        }
     }
 
     #[message]
@@ -148,6 +147,30 @@ impl OperatorSession {
         wallet_address: Address,
         transaction: TxEip1559,
     ) -> Result<Signature, SignTransactionError> {
+        if !self.approved_client_ids.contains(&client_id) {
+            warn!(
+                client_id,
+                "operator attempted to sign for client not in its approved set"
+            );
+            return Err(SignTransactionError::ClientNotConnected);
+        }
+
+        let connected = self
+            .props
+            .actors
+            .flow_coordinator
+            .ask(IsClientConnected { client_id })
+            .await
+            .unwrap_or(false);
+
+        if !connected {
+            self.approved_client_ids.remove(&client_id);
+            warn!(client_id, "operator attempted to sign for disconnected client");
+            return Err(SignTransactionError::ClientNotConnected);
+        }
+
+        info!(client_id, event = "sign_transaction", "operator.sign_transaction");
+
         match self
             .props
             .actors
@@ -203,7 +226,7 @@ impl OperatorSession {
             use crate::db::schema::evm_wallet_access;
             for entry in entries {
                 diesel::delete(evm_wallet_access::table)
-                    .filter(evm_wallet_access::wallet_id.eq(entry))
+                    .filter(evm_wallet_access::id.eq(entry))
                     .execute(&mut *conn)
                     .await?;
             }
@@ -218,9 +241,8 @@ impl OperatorSession {
     pub(crate) async fn handle_list_wallet_access(
         &mut self,
     ) -> Result<Vec<EvmWalletAccess>, Error> {
-        use crate::db::schema::evm_wallet_access;
         let mut conn = self.props.db.get().await?;
-        let access_entries = evm_wallet_access::table
+        let access_entries = crate::db::schema::evm_wallet_access::table
             .select(EvmWalletAccess::as_select())
             .load::<_>(&mut conn)
             .await?;
@@ -257,6 +279,30 @@ impl OperatorSession {
 
         ctx.actor_ref().unlink(&pending_approval.controller).await;
 
+        if approved {
+            let pubkey_bytes = pending_approval.pubkey.to_bytes();
+            match self.props.db.get().await {
+                Ok(mut conn) => {
+                    match program_client::table
+                        .filter(program_client::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.as_slice()))
+                        .select(program_client::id)
+                        .first::<i32>(&mut conn)
+                        .await
+                    {
+                        Ok(client_id) => {
+                            self.approved_client_ids.insert(client_id);
+                        }
+                        Err(err) => {
+                            error!(?err, "Failed to look up client_id for approved pubkey");
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(err) => {
+                    error!(?err, "DB pool error after client approval");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -280,101 +326,141 @@ impl OperatorSession {
     }
 }
 
-#[messages]
+#[cfg(test)]
-impl OperatorSession {
+mod tests {
-    #[message]
+    use crate::db::{self, models::NewEvmWalletAccess, schema::evm_wallet_access};
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_create_proposal(
+    use diesel::{ExpressionMethods as _, QueryDsl as _, SelectableHelper};
-        &mut self,
+    use diesel_async::{AsyncConnection, RunQueryDsl};
-        kind: crate::actors::proposal_manager::ProposalKind,
+
-        ttl_secs: Option<i64>,
+    /// Regression test: revocation must delete by access-entry `id`, not by `wallet_id`.
-    ) -> Result<i32, Error> {
+    ///
-        use crate::actors::proposal_manager::CreateProposal;
+    /// Before the fix, revoking `entry_id=1` would delete all rows where `wallet_id=1`,
-        let initiator_id = self.credentials.id;
+    /// wiping out every client's access to wallet #1.
-        self.props
+    #[tokio::test]
-            .actors
+    async fn revoke_deletes_by_entry_id_not_wallet_id() {
-            .proposal_manager
+        use crate::db::models::EvmWalletAccess;
-            .ask(CreateProposal { kind, initiator_id, ttl_secs })
+
-            .await
+        let pool = db::create_test_pool().await;
-            .map_err(|e| {
+        let mut conn = pool.get().await.expect("pool connection");
-                error!(?e, "create_proposal failed");
+
-                Error::internal("Failed to create proposal")
+        // Insert two access entries for the same wallet but different clients.
+        // entry A: id will be 1, wallet_id=1, client_id=10
+        // entry B: id will be 2, wallet_id=1, client_id=20
+        let entry_a = diesel::insert_into(evm_wallet_access::table)
+            .values(NewEvmWalletAccess {
+                wallet_id: 1,
+                client_id: 10,
             })
+            .returning(EvmWalletAccess::as_select())
+            .get_result(&mut *conn)
+            .await
+            .expect("insert entry A");
+
+        let entry_b = diesel::insert_into(evm_wallet_access::table)
+            .values(NewEvmWalletAccess {
+                wallet_id: 1,
+                client_id: 20,
+            })
+            .returning(EvmWalletAccess::as_select())
+            .get_result(&mut *conn)
+            .await
+            .expect("insert entry B");
+
+        // Revoke only entry A by its primary key id.
+        conn.transaction(async |conn| {
+            diesel::delete(evm_wallet_access::table)
+                .filter(evm_wallet_access::id.eq(entry_a.id))
+                .execute(&mut *conn)
+                .await
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("revoke entry A");
+
+        // Entry A must be gone.
+        let gone = evm_wallet_access::table
+            .filter(evm_wallet_access::id.eq(entry_a.id))
+            .count()
+            .get_result::<i64>(&mut *conn)
+            .await
+            .expect("count entry A");
+        assert_eq!(gone, 0, "revoked entry must be deleted");
+
+        // Entry B (same wallet, different client) must still exist.
+        let still_there = evm_wallet_access::table
+            .filter(evm_wallet_access::id.eq(entry_b.id))
+            .count()
+            .get_result::<i64>(&mut *conn)
+            .await
+            .expect("count entry B");
+        assert_eq!(still_there, 1, "unrelated entry must not be deleted");
     }
 
-    #[message]
+    /// Regression test: when `entry_id` and `wallet_id` differ, only the correct row is removed.
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_cast_vote(
+    ///
-        &mut self,
+    /// This specifically catches the case where `entry.id=5` and `wallet_id=1` are different values;
-        proposal_id: i32,
+    /// the old bug would delete by `wallet_id`, potentially matching a completely different entry.
-        approve: bool,
+    #[tokio::test]
-        signature: Vec<u8>,
+    async fn revoke_with_mismatched_wallet_and_entry_ids() {
-    ) -> Result<crate::actors::proposal_manager::VoteOutcome, crate::actors::proposal_manager::Error> {
+        use crate::db::models::EvmWalletAccess;
-        use crate::actors::proposal_manager::CastVote;
-        let operator_id = self.credentials.id;
-        self.props
-            .actors
-            .proposal_manager
-            .ask(CastVote { proposal_id, operator_id, approve, signature })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|err| match err {
-                SendError::HandlerError(e) => e,
-                _ => crate::actors::proposal_manager::Error::ExecutionFailed("actor unavailable".to_owned()),
-            })
-    }
 
-    #[message]
+        let pool = db::create_test_pool().await;
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_query_pending(
+        let mut conn = pool.get().await.expect("pool connection");
-        &mut self,
+
-    ) -> Vec<crate::actors::proposal_manager::ProposalSummary> {
+        // Insert entries to force auto-increment IDs to diverge from wallet_ids.
-        use crate::actors::proposal_manager::QueryPending;
+        // We'll insert 5 placeholder entries first so that the real entry gets id=6.
-        let operator_id = self.credentials.id;
+        for i in 1_i32..=5 {
-        self.props
+            diesel::insert_into(evm_wallet_access::table)
-            .actors
+                .values(NewEvmWalletAccess {
-            .proposal_manager
+                    wallet_id: 99,
-            .ask(QueryPending { operator_id })
+                    client_id: i,
+                })
+                .execute(&mut *conn)
+                .await
+                .expect("insert placeholder");
+        }
+
+        // Real target: wallet_id=1, will get id=6.
+        let target = diesel::insert_into(evm_wallet_access::table)
+            .values(NewEvmWalletAccess {
+                wallet_id: 1,
+                client_id: 1,
+            })
+            .returning(EvmWalletAccess::as_select())
+            .get_result(&mut *conn)
             .await
-            .unwrap_or_default()
+            .expect("insert target");
-    }
+
-}
+        // Sanity: target.id != target.wallet_id
-
+        assert_ne!(
-#[messages]
+            target.id, target.wallet_id,
-impl OperatorSession {
+            "test prerequisite: id and wallet_id must differ"
-    #[message]
+        );
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_contribute_rekey_passphrase(
+
-        &mut self,
+        // Revoke by entry id.
-        passphrase: Vec<u8>,
+        conn.transaction(async |conn| {
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+            diesel::delete(evm_wallet_access::table)
-        use crate::actors::vault_coordinator::ContributeRekey;
+                .filter(evm_wallet_access::id.eq(target.id))
-        use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
+                .execute(&mut *conn)
-
+                .await
-        let operator_id = self.credentials.id;
+        })
-        self.props
+        .await
-            .actors
+        .expect("revoke target");
-            .vault_coordinator
+
-            .ask(ContributeRekey {
+        let remaining = evm_wallet_access::table
-                operator_id,
+            .filter(evm_wallet_access::id.eq(target.id))
-                passphrase: SafeCell::new(passphrase),
+            .count()
-            })
+            .get_result::<i64>(&mut *conn)
-            .await
+            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
+            .expect("count target");
-    }
+        assert_eq!(remaining, 0, "target must be deleted by its entry id");
-
+
-    #[message]
+        // Placeholders for wallet_id=99 must be untouched.
-    pub(crate) async fn handle_contribute_recovery_rekey_passphrase(
+        let placeholders = evm_wallet_access::table
-        &mut self,
+            .filter(evm_wallet_access::wallet_id.eq(99))
-        recovery_operator_id: i32,
+            .count()
-        passphrase: Vec<u8>,
+            .get_result::<i64>(&mut *conn)
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+            .await
-        use crate::actors::vault_coordinator::ContributeRecoveryRekey;
+            .expect("count placeholders");
-        use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
+        assert_eq!(placeholders, 5, "unrelated entries must survive");
-
-        self.props
-            .actors
-            .vault_coordinator
-            .ask(ContributeRecoveryRekey {
-                recovery_operator_id,
-                passphrase: SafeCell::new(passphrase),
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
     }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/operator/session/mod.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
-use super::{Credentials, OutOfBand, OperatorConnection};
+use super::{OutOfBand, OperatorConnection};
 use crate::{
     actors::{
-        flow_coordinator::client_connect_approval::ClientApprovalController,
+        flow_coordinator::{GetConnectedClientIds, client_connect_approval::{ClientApprovalAnswer, ClientApprovalController}}, operator_registry::ConnectOperator,
-        operator_registry::ConnectOperator,
+    }, peers::client::ClientProfile,
-    },
-    peers::client::ClientProfile,
 };
 use arbiter_crypto::authn;
 use arbiter_proto::transport::Sender;
 
 use kameo::{Actor, actor::ActorRef, messages};
-use std::{borrow::Cow, collections::HashMap};
+use std::{borrow::Cow, collections::{HashMap, HashSet}};
 use thiserror::Error;
 use tracing::error;
 
@@ -51,21 +49,24 @@ pub struct PendingClientApproval {
 
 pub struct OperatorSession {
     props: OperatorConnection,
-    credentials: Credentials,
     sender: Box<dyn Sender<OutOfBand>>,
 
     pending_client_approvals: HashMap<Vec<u8>, PendingClientApproval>,
+    /// DB `client_ids` this operator session is allowed to sign for.
+    /// Seeded from currently-connected clients on start, then updated as
+    /// approvals are granted or denied during the session lifetime.
+    approved_client_ids: HashSet<i32>,
 }
 
 pub mod handlers;
 
 impl OperatorSession {
-    pub(crate) fn new(props: OperatorConnection, credentials: Credentials, sender: Box<dyn Sender<OutOfBand>>) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn new(props: OperatorConnection, sender: Box<dyn Sender<OutOfBand>>) -> Self {
         Self {
             props,
-            credentials,
             sender,
             pending_client_approvals: HashMap::default(),
+            approved_client_ids: HashSet::default(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ impl OperatorSession {
                 actor = "operator",
                 event = "failed to announce new client connection"
             );
+            let _ = controller.tell(ClientApprovalAnswer { approved: false }).await;
             return;
         }
 
@@ -108,7 +110,7 @@ impl Actor for OperatorSession {
 
     type Error = Error;
 
-    async fn on_start(args: Self::Args, this: ActorRef<Self>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+    async fn on_start(mut args: Self::Args, this: ActorRef<Self>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
         args.props
             .actors
             .operator_registry
@@ -123,6 +125,16 @@ impl Actor for OperatorSession {
                 );
                 Error::internal("Failed to register operator connection with operator registry")
             })?;
+
+        // Seed approved set with clients already connected when this session starts.
+        // New clients will be added via handle_new_client_approve as they are approved.
+        match args.props.actors.flow_coordinator.ask(GetConnectedClientIds {}).await {
+            Ok(ids) => args.approved_client_ids.extend(ids),
+            Err(err) => {
+                error!(?err, "Failed to fetch connected client IDs on operator session start");
+            }
+        }
+
         Ok(args)
     }
 

server/crates/arbiter-server/src/peers/operator/vault_gate/mod.rs

@@ -3,12 +3,8 @@ use crate::{
     actors::{
         GlobalActors,
         vault::{self, Bootstrap, GetState, TryUnseal, VaultState, events},
-        vault_coordinator::{
-            ContributeBootstrap, ContributeRecoveryBootstrap, ContributeRecoveryUnseal,
-            ContributeUnseal, StartBootstrap,
-        },
     },
-    crypto::{KeyCell, integrity::{self}},
+    crypto::integrity::{self},
     db::DatabasePool,
 };
 use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
@@ -21,9 +17,6 @@ use tokio::sync::oneshot;
 use tracing::{error, info};
 use x25519_dalek::{EphemeralSecret, PublicKey, SharedSecret};
 
-pub use VaultGateMessage as Inbound;
-pub use VaultGateMessageReply as Outbound;
-
 pub mod state;
 
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
@@ -32,6 +25,8 @@ pub enum Error {
     AlreadyBootstrapped,
     #[error("Invalid key provided")]
     InvalidKey,
+    #[error("Vault locked: too many failed unseal attempts")]
+    LockedOut,
 
     #[error("State transition failed")]
     State,
@@ -105,9 +100,11 @@ impl VaultGate {
         nonce: &[u8],
         ciphertext: &[u8],
         associated_data: &[u8],
-    ) -> Result<KeyCell, ()> {
+    ) -> Result<SafeCell<Vec<u8>>, ()> {
         let nonce = XNonce::from_slice(nonce);
+
         let cipher = XChaCha20Poly1305::new(secret.as_bytes().into());
+
         let mut key_buffer = SafeCell::new(ciphertext.to_vec());
 
         let decryption_result = key_buffer.write_inline(|write_handle| {
@@ -115,9 +112,7 @@ impl VaultGate {
         });
 
         match decryption_result {
-            Ok(()) => KeyCell::try_from(key_buffer).map_err(|()| {
+            Ok(()) => Ok(key_buffer),
-                error!("Decrypted key material has unexpected length");
-            }),
             Err(err) => {
                 error!(?err, "Failed to decrypt encrypted key material");
                 Err(())
@@ -126,7 +121,7 @@ impl VaultGate {
     }
 }
 
-#[messages(enum)]
+#[messages(messages = Inbound, replies = Outbound)]
 impl VaultGate {
     #[message]
     pub fn handle_handshake(
@@ -159,14 +154,17 @@ impl VaultGate {
             return Err(Error::State);
         };
 
-        let Ok(seal_key) = Self::decrypt_key(secret, &nonce, &ciphertext, &associated_data) else {
+        let Ok(seal_key_buffer) = Self::decrypt_key(secret, &nonce, &ciphertext, &associated_data)
+        else {
             return Err(Error::InvalidKey);
         };
 
         match self
             .actors
             .vault
-            .ask(TryUnseal { seal_key })
+            .ask(TryUnseal {
+                seal_key_raw: seal_key_buffer,
+            })
             .await
         {
             Ok(()) => {
@@ -174,6 +172,7 @@ impl VaultGate {
                 Ok(())
             }
             Err(SendError::HandlerError(vault::Error::InvalidKey)) => Err(Error::InvalidKey),
+            Err(SendError::HandlerError(vault::Error::LockedOut)) => Err(Error::LockedOut),
             Err(SendError::HandlerError(err)) => {
                 error!(?err, "Vault failed to unseal key");
                 Err(Error::InvalidKey)
@@ -196,14 +195,17 @@ impl VaultGate {
             return Err(Error::State);
         };
 
-        let Ok(seal_key) = Self::decrypt_key(secret, &nonce, &ciphertext, &associated_data) else {
+        let Ok(seal_key_buffer) = Self::decrypt_key(secret, &nonce, &ciphertext, &associated_data)
+        else {
             return Err(Error::InvalidKey);
         };
 
         match self
             .actors
             .vault
-            .ask(Bootstrap { seal_key })
+            .ask(Bootstrap {
+                seal_key_raw: seal_key_buffer,
+            })
             .await
         {
             Ok(()) => {
@@ -235,89 +237,6 @@ impl VaultGate {
 
         Ok(answer)
     }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn handle_declare_committee(
-        &mut self,
-        count: usize,
-        recovery_count: usize,
-    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        self.actors
-            .vault_coordinator
-            .ask(StartBootstrap {
-                operator_id: self.auth_creds.id,
-                declared_count: count,
-                recovery_count,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
-    }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn handle_contribute_bootstrap_passphrase(
-        &mut self,
-        passphrase: Vec<u8>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let passphrase_cell = SafeCell::new(passphrase);
-        self.actors
-            .vault_coordinator
-            .ask(ContributeBootstrap {
-                operator_id: self.auth_creds.id,
-                passphrase: passphrase_cell,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
-    }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn handle_contribute_recovery_bootstrap_passphrase(
-        &mut self,
-        recovery_operator_id: i32,
-        passphrase: Vec<u8>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let passphrase_cell = SafeCell::new(passphrase);
-        self.actors
-            .vault_coordinator
-            .ask(ContributeRecoveryBootstrap {
-                recovery_operator_id,
-                passphrase: passphrase_cell,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
-    }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn handle_contribute_unseal_passphrase(
-        &mut self,
-        passphrase: Vec<u8>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let passphrase_cell = SafeCell::new(passphrase);
-        self.actors
-            .vault_coordinator
-            .ask(ContributeUnseal {
-                operator_id: self.auth_creds.id,
-                passphrase: passphrase_cell,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
-    }
-
-    #[message]
-    pub async fn handle_contribute_recovery_unseal_passphrase(
-        &mut self,
-        recovery_operator_id: i32,
-        passphrase: Vec<u8>,
-    ) -> Result<bool, Error> {
-        let passphrase_cell = SafeCell::new(passphrase);
-        self.actors
-            .vault_coordinator
-            .ask(ContributeRecoveryUnseal {
-                recovery_operator_id,
-                passphrase: passphrase_cell,
-            })
-            .await
-            .map_err(|_| Error::internal("VaultCoordinator unavailable"))
-    }
 }
 
 impl Message<events::Bootstrapped> for VaultGate {

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/client/auth.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 use super::common::ChannelTransport;
-use arbiter_crypto::authn::{self, AuthChallenge, CLIENT_CONTEXT};
+use arbiter_crypto::{
+    authn::{self, AuthChallenge, CLIENT_CONTEXT},
+    safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _},
+};
 use arbiter_proto::{
     ClientMetadata,
     transport::{Receiver, Sender},
@@ -83,8 +86,8 @@ async fn insert_bootstrap_sentinel_operator(db: &db::DatabasePool) {
         .0
         .to_vec();
 
-    insert_into(schema::operator_identity::table)
+    insert_into(schema::operator_client::table)
-        .values((schema::operator_identity::public_key.eq(sentinel_key),))
+        .values((schema::operator_client::public_key.eq(sentinel_key),))
         .execute(&mut conn)
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -97,7 +100,7 @@ async fn spawn_test_actors(db: &db::DatabasePool) -> GlobalActors {
     actors
         .vault
         .ask(Bootstrap {
-            seal_key: arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]),
+            seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -263,7 +266,7 @@ pub async fn metadata_unchanged_does_not_append_history() {
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-pub async fn metadata_change_appends_history_and_repoints_binding() {
+pub async fn metadata_frozen_after_approval_ignores_reconnect_changes() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let actors = spawn_test_actors(&db).await;
     let new_key = MlDsa87::key_gen(&mut rand::rng());
@@ -284,6 +287,7 @@ pub async fn metadata_change_appends_history_and_repoints_binding() {
         connect_client(props, &mut server_transport).await;
     });
 
+    // Reconnect presenting different metadata — must be silently ignored.
     test_transport
         .send(auth::Inbound::AuthChallengeRequest {
             pubkey: verifying_key(&new_key).into(),
@@ -310,6 +314,7 @@ pub async fn metadata_change_appends_history_and_repoints_binding() {
             client_metadata, client_metadata_history, program_client,
         };
         let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
+        // Metadata is frozen: no new row, no history entry.
         let metadata_count: i64 = client_metadata::table
             .count()
             .get_result(&mut conn)
@@ -335,15 +340,16 @@ pub async fn metadata_change_appends_history_and_repoints_binding() {
             .first::<(String, Option<String>, Option<String>)>(&mut conn)
             .await
             .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(metadata_count, 2);
+        assert_eq!(metadata_count, 1, "frozen: no new metadata row on reconnect");
-        assert_eq!(history_count, 1);
+        assert_eq!(history_count, 0, "frozen: no history entry on reconnect");
         assert_eq!(
             current,
             (
                 "client".to_owned(),
-                Some("new".to_owned()),
+                Some("old".to_owned()),
-                Some("2.0.0".to_owned())
+                Some("1.0.0".to_owned())
-            )
+            ),
+            "frozen: original metadata must be preserved"
         );
     }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/common/mod.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
     dead_code,
     reason = "Common test utilities that may not be used in every test"
 )]
+use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
 use arbiter_proto::transport::{Bi, Error, Receiver, Sender};
 use arbiter_server::{
     actors::{GlobalActors, vault::Vault},
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn bootstrapped_vault(db: &db::DatabasePool) -> Vault {
         .await
         .unwrap();
     actor
-        .bootstrap(arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]))
+        .bootstrap(SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()))
         .await
         .unwrap();
     actor

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/operator/auth.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 use super::common::ChannelTransport;
-use arbiter_crypto::authn::{self, AuthChallenge, OPERATOR_CONTEXT};
+use arbiter_crypto::{
+    authn::{self, AuthChallenge, OPERATOR_CONTEXT},
+    safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _},
+};
 use arbiter_proto::transport::{Error as TransportError, Receiver, Sender};
 use arbiter_server::{
     actors::{GlobalActors, bootstrap::GetToken, vault::Bootstrap},
@@ -154,7 +157,7 @@ pub async fn bootstrap_token_auth() {
     actors
         .vault
         .ask(Bootstrap {
-            seal_key: arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]),
+            seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -171,7 +174,7 @@ pub async fn bootstrap_token_auth() {
     test_transport
         .send(auth::Inbound::AuthChallengeRequest {
             pubkey: verifying_key(&new_key).into(),
-            bootstrap_token: Some(token),
+            bootstrap_token: Some(token.into_bytes()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -203,8 +206,8 @@ pub async fn bootstrap_token_auth() {
     task.await.unwrap().unwrap();
 
     let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-    let stored_pubkey: Vec<u8> = schema::operator_identity::table
+    let stored_pubkey: Vec<u8> = schema::operator_client::table
-        .select(schema::operator_identity::public_key)
+        .select(schema::operator_client::public_key)
         .first::<Vec<u8>>(&mut conn)
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ pub async fn bootstrap_invalid_token_auth() {
     test_transport
         .send(auth::Inbound::AuthChallengeRequest {
             pubkey: verifying_key(&new_key).into(),
-            bootstrap_token: Some("invalid_token".to_owned()),
+            bootstrap_token: Some(b"invalid_token".to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -256,7 +259,7 @@ pub async fn bootstrap_invalid_token_auth() {
     ));
 
     let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-    let count: i64 = schema::operator_identity::table
+    let count: i64 = schema::operator_client::table
         .count()
         .get_result::<i64>(&mut conn)
         .await
@@ -272,7 +275,7 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth() {
     actors
         .vault
         .ask(Bootstrap {
-            seal_key: arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]),
+            seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -282,9 +285,9 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth() {
 
     {
         let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-        let id: i32 = insert_into(schema::operator_identity::table)
+        let id: i32 = insert_into(schema::operator_client::table)
-            .values((schema::operator_identity::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.clone()),))
+            .values((schema::operator_client::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.clone()),))
-            .returning(schema::operator_identity::id)
+            .returning(schema::operator_client::id)
             .get_result(&mut conn)
             .await
             .unwrap();
@@ -358,7 +361,7 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth_rejects_integrity_tag_mismatch_when_unsealed() {
     actors
         .vault
         .ask(Bootstrap {
-            seal_key: arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]),
+            seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -368,8 +371,8 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth_rejects_integrity_tag_mismatch_when_unsealed() {
 
     {
         let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-        insert_into(schema::operator_identity::table)
+        insert_into(schema::operator_client::table)
-            .values((schema::operator_identity::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.clone()),))
+            .values((schema::operator_client::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.clone()),))
             .execute(&mut conn)
             .await
             .unwrap();
@@ -397,7 +400,7 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth_rejects_integrity_tag_mismatch_when_unsealed() {
     let challenge = match response {
         Ok(resp) => match resp {
             auth::Outbound::AuthChallenge { challenge } => challenge,
-            other => panic!("Expected AuthChallenge, got {other:?}"),
+            other @ auth::Outbound::AuthSuccess => panic!("Expected AuthChallenge, got {other:?}"),
         },
         Err(err) => panic!("Expected Ok response, got Err({err:?})"),
     };
@@ -431,7 +434,7 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth_rejects_invalid_signature() {
     actors
         .vault
         .ask(Bootstrap {
-            seal_key: arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]),
+            seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -441,9 +444,9 @@ pub async fn challenge_auth_rejects_invalid_signature() {
 
     {
         let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-        let id: i32 = insert_into(schema::operator_identity::table)
+        let id: i32 = insert_into(schema::operator_client::table)
-            .values((schema::operator_identity::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.clone()),))
+            .values((schema::operator_client::public_key.eq(pubkey_bytes.clone()),))
-            .returning(schema::operator_identity::id)
+            .returning(schema::operator_client::id)
             .get_result(&mut conn)
             .await
             .unwrap();

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/operator/unseal.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-use arbiter_crypto::authn;
+use arbiter_crypto::{
+    authn,
+    safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _},
+};
 use arbiter_server::{
     actors::{
         GlobalActors,
@@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ use tokio::sync::oneshot;
 use x25519_dalek::{EphemeralSecret, PublicKey};
 
 async fn setup_sealed_gate(
-    seal_key: &[u8; 32],
+    seal_key: &[u8],
 ) -> (
     db::DatabasePool,
     kameo::actor::ActorRef<VaultGate>,
@@ -31,7 +34,7 @@ async fn setup_sealed_gate(
     actors
         .vault
         .ask(Bootstrap {
-            seal_key: arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from(*seal_key),
+            seal_key_raw: SafeCell::new(seal_key.to_vec()),
         })
         .await
         .unwrap();
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ async fn setup_sealed_gate(
 
 async fn client_dh_encrypt(
     gate: &kameo::actor::ActorRef<VaultGate>,
-    key_to_send: &[u8; 32],
+    key_to_send: &[u8],
 ) -> HandleUnsealEncryptedKey {
     let client_secret = EphemeralSecret::random();
     let client_public = PublicKey::from(&client_secret);
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@ async fn client_dh_encrypt(
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
 pub async fn unseal_success() {
-    let seal_key = b"test-seal-key-padded-to-32bytes!";
+    let seal_key = b"test-seal-key";
     let (_db, gate, _promotion_rx) = setup_sealed_gate(seal_key).await;
 
     let encrypted_key = client_dh_encrypt(&gate, seal_key).await;
@@ -92,10 +95,10 @@ pub async fn unseal_success() {
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
 pub async fn unseal_wrong_seal_key() {
-    let seal_key = b"test-seal-key-padded-to-32bytes!";
+    let seal_key = b"test-seal-key";
     let (_db, gate, _promotion_rx) = setup_sealed_gate(seal_key).await;
 
-    let encrypted_key = client_dh_encrypt(&gate, b"wrong-key-padded-to-32-bytes!!!!").await;
+    let encrypted_key = client_dh_encrypt(&gate, b"wrong-key").await;
 
     let response = gate.ask(encrypted_key).await;
     assert!(matches!(
@@ -109,7 +112,7 @@ pub async fn unseal_wrong_seal_key() {
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
 pub async fn unseal_corrupted_ciphertext() {
-    let seal_key = b"test-seal-key-padded-to-32bytes!";
+    let seal_key = b"test-seal-key";
     let (_db, gate, _promotion_rx) = setup_sealed_gate(seal_key).await;
 
     let client_secret = EphemeralSecret::random();
@@ -140,11 +143,11 @@ pub async fn unseal_corrupted_ciphertext() {
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
 pub async fn unseal_retry_after_invalid_key() {
-    let seal_key = b"real-seal-key-padded-to-32bytes!";
+    let seal_key = b"real-seal-key";
     let (_db, gate, _promotion_rx) = setup_sealed_gate(seal_key).await;
 
     {
-        let encrypted_key = client_dh_encrypt(&gate, b"wrong-key-padded-to-32-bytes!!!!").await;
+        let encrypted_key = client_dh_encrypt(&gate, b"wrong-key").await;
 
         let response = gate.ask(encrypted_key).await;
         assert!(matches!(

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/vault/concurrency.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ use kameo::actor::{ActorRef, Spawn as _};
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use tokio::task::JoinSet;
 
+const TEST_AAD: &[u8] = b"test-aad";
+
 async fn write_concurrently(
     actor: ActorRef<Vault>,
     prefix: &'static str,
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ async fn write_concurrently(
             let id = actor
                 .ask(CreateNew {
                     plaintext: SafeCell::new(plaintext.clone()),
+                    aad: TEST_AAD.to_vec(),
                 })
                 .await
                 .unwrap();
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ async fn insert_failure_does_not_create_partial_row() {
     drop(conn);
 
     let err = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"should fail".to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"should fail".to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::DatabaseTransaction(_)));
@@ -166,12 +169,12 @@ async fn decrypt_roundtrip_after_high_concurrency() {
         .await
         .unwrap();
     decryptor
-        .try_unseal(arbiter_server::crypto::KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]))
+        .try_unseal(SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec()))
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
     for (id, plaintext) in expected {
-        let mut decrypted = decryptor.decrypt(id).await.unwrap();
+        let mut decrypted = decryptor.decrypt(id, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap();
         assert_eq!(*decrypted.read(), plaintext);
     }
 }

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/vault/lifecycle.rs

@@ -3,29 +3,26 @@ use arbiter_crypto::safecell::{SafeCell, SafeCellHandle as _};
 use arbiter_server::{
     actors::{
         GlobalActors,
-        vault::{Error, GetState, Vault, VaultState},
+        vault::{Error, Vault},
-        vault_coordinator::{
-            ContributeBootstrap, ContributeRecoveryBootstrap, ContributeRecoveryUnseal,
-            Error as CoordinatorError, StartBootstrap, VaultCoordinator,
-        },
     },
-    crypto::{KeyCell, encryption::v1::{Nonce, ROOT_KEY_TAG}},
+    crypto::encryption::v1::{Nonce, ROOT_KEY_TAG},
     db::{self, models, schema},
 };
 
-use diesel::{ExpressionMethods, QueryDsl, SelectableHelper, insert_into};
+use diesel::{QueryDsl, SelectableHelper};
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
-use kameo::actor::Spawn as _;
+
+const TEST_AAD: &[u8] = b"test-aad";
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_bootstrap() {
+async fn bootstrap() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = Vault::new(db.clone(), GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-    let seal_key = KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]);
+    let seal_key = SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec());
     actor.bootstrap(seal_key).await.unwrap();
 
     let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
@@ -44,25 +41,25 @@ async fn test_bootstrap() {
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_bootstrap_rejects_double() {
+async fn bootstrap_rejects_double() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
-    let seal_key2 = KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]);
+    let seal_key2 = SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec());
     let err = actor.bootstrap(seal_key2).await.unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::AlreadyBootstrapped));
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_create_new_before_bootstrap_fails() {
+async fn create_new_before_bootstrap_fails() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = Vault::new(db, GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
     let err = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"data".to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"data".to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::NotBootstrapped));
@@ -70,19 +67,19 @@ async fn test_create_new_before_bootstrap_fails() {
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_decrypt_before_bootstrap_fails() {
+async fn decrypt_before_bootstrap_fails() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = Vault::new(db, GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-    let err = actor.decrypt(1).await.unwrap_err();
+    let err = actor.decrypt(1, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::NotBootstrapped));
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_new_restores_sealed_state() {
+async fn new_restores_sealed_state() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
     drop(actor);
@@ -90,19 +87,19 @@ async fn test_new_restores_sealed_state() {
     let mut actor2 = Vault::new(db, GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
         .await
         .unwrap();
-    let err = actor2.decrypt(1).await.unwrap_err();
+    let err = actor2.decrypt(1, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::Sealed));
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_unseal_correct_password() {
+async fn unseal_correct_password() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
     let plaintext = b"survive a restart";
     let aead_id = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap();
     drop(actor);
@@ -110,22 +107,22 @@ async fn test_unseal_correct_password() {
     let mut actor = Vault::new(db.clone(), GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus())
         .await
         .unwrap();
-    let seal_key = KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]);
+    let seal_key = SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec());
     actor.try_unseal(seal_key).await.unwrap();
 
-    let mut decrypted = actor.decrypt(aead_id).await.unwrap();
+    let mut decrypted = actor.decrypt(aead_id, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap();
     assert_eq!(*decrypted.read(), plaintext);
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_unseal_wrong_then_correct_password() {
+async fn unseal_wrong_then_correct_password() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
     let plaintext = b"important data";
     let aead_id = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap();
     drop(actor);
@@ -134,137 +131,13 @@ async fn test_unseal_wrong_then_correct_password() {
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-    let bad_key = KeyCell::from([1u8; 32]);
+    let bad_key = SafeCell::new(b"wrong-password".to_vec());
     let err = actor.try_unseal(bad_key).await.unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::InvalidKey));
 
-    let good_key = KeyCell::from([0u8; 32]);
+    let good_key = SafeCell::new(b"test-seal-key".to_vec());
     actor.try_unseal(good_key).await.unwrap();
 
-    let mut decrypted = actor.decrypt(aead_id).await.unwrap();
+    let mut decrypted = actor.decrypt(aead_id, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap();
     assert_eq!(*decrypted.read(), plaintext);
 }
-
-#[tokio::test]
-#[test_log::test]
-async fn two_operator_vault_requires_recovery_share() {
-    let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
-    let bus = GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus();
-    let vault_ref = Vault::spawn(Vault::new(db.clone(), bus).await.unwrap());
-    let coordinator = VaultCoordinator::spawn(VaultCoordinator::new(db, vault_ref));
-
-    let err = coordinator
-        .ask(StartBootstrap {
-            operator_id: 1,
-            declared_count: 2,
-            recovery_count: 0,
-        })
-        .await
-        .unwrap_err();
-
-    assert!(
-        matches!(
-            err,
-            kameo::error::SendError::HandlerError(CoordinatorError::TwoOperatorsRequireRecovery)
-        ),
-        "expected TwoOperatorsRequireRecovery, got {err:?}"
-    );
-}
-
-/// §3.4: Bootstrap with 1 ordinary + 1 recovery operator produces a valid 1-of-2 Shamir split.
-/// Both ordinary and recovery shares are stored; the vault can be unsealed with either one.
-#[tokio::test]
-#[test_log::test]
-async fn recovery_share_stored_and_used_for_unseal() {
-    let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
-    let bus = GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus();
-    let vault_ref = Vault::spawn(Vault::new(db.clone(), bus).await.unwrap());
-    let coordinator = VaultCoordinator::spawn(VaultCoordinator::new(db.clone(), vault_ref.clone()));
-
-    // Register one ordinary operator and one recovery operator in the DB
-    let ordinary_id: i32 = {
-        let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-        insert_into(schema::operator_identity::table)
-            .values(schema::operator_identity::public_key.eq(vec![1u8; 32]))
-            .returning(schema::operator_identity::id)
-            .get_result(&mut conn)
-            .await
-            .unwrap()
-    };
-    let recovery_id: i32 = {
-        let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-        insert_into(schema::recovery_operator_identity::table)
-            .values(schema::recovery_operator_identity::public_key.eq(vec![2u8; 32]))
-            .returning(schema::recovery_operator_identity::id)
-            .get_result(&mut conn)
-            .await
-            .unwrap()
-    };
-
-    // Declare committee: 1 ordinary + 1 recovery
-    coordinator
-        .ask(StartBootstrap {
-            operator_id: ordinary_id,
-            declared_count: 1,
-            recovery_count: 1,
-        })
-        .await
-        .unwrap();
-
-    // Recovery operator contributes first — bootstrap should not finalize yet
-    let done = coordinator
-        .ask(ContributeRecoveryBootstrap {
-            recovery_operator_id: recovery_id,
-            passphrase: SafeCell::new(b"recovery-pass".to_vec()),
-        })
-        .await
-        .unwrap();
-    assert!(!done, "should not finalize with only recovery passphrase");
-
-    // Ordinary operator contributes — now bootstrap finalizes
-    let done = coordinator
-        .ask(ContributeBootstrap {
-            operator_id: ordinary_id,
-            passphrase: SafeCell::new(b"ordinary-pass".to_vec()),
-        })
-        .await
-        .unwrap();
-    assert!(done, "should finalize once all contributors are in");
-
-    // After bootstrap, vault is Unsealed (seal key still in memory).
-    let state = vault_ref.ask(GetState {}).await.unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(state, VaultState::Unsealed);
-
-    // Verify recovery_operator row was created
-    let recovery_share_count: i64 = {
-        let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
-        schema::recovery_operator::table
-            .count()
-            .get_result(&mut conn)
-            .await
-            .unwrap()
-    };
-    assert_eq!(recovery_share_count, 1);
-
-    // Simulate restart: drop vault and coordinator, create fresh vault (comes up Sealed).
-    drop(coordinator);
-    drop(vault_ref);
-    let bus2 = GlobalActors::spawn_message_bus();
-    let vault_ref2 = Vault::spawn(Vault::new(db.clone(), bus2).await.unwrap());
-    let state = vault_ref2.ask(GetState {}).await.unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(state, VaultState::Sealed);
-
-    // §3.5: Unseal using ONLY the recovery operator share (threshold = shamir_threshold(1) = 1).
-    let coordinator2 = VaultCoordinator::spawn(VaultCoordinator::new(db.clone(), vault_ref2.clone()));
-    let done = coordinator2
-        .ask(ContributeRecoveryUnseal {
-            recovery_operator_id: recovery_id,
-            passphrase: SafeCell::new(b"recovery-pass".to_vec()),
-        })
-        .await
-        .unwrap();
-    assert!(done, "recovery share alone should satisfy threshold");
-
-    let state = vault_ref2.ask(GetState {}).await.unwrap();
-    assert_eq!(state, VaultState::Unsealed);
-}

server/crates/arbiter-server/tests/vault/storage.rs

@@ -10,45 +10,47 @@ use diesel::{ExpressionMethods as _, QueryDsl, SelectableHelper, dsl::update};
 use diesel_async::RunQueryDsl;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 
+const TEST_AAD: &[u8] = b"test-aad";
+
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_create_decrypt_roundtrip() {
+async fn create_decrypt_roundtrip() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
     let plaintext = b"hello arbiter";
     let aead_id = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
-    let mut decrypted = actor.decrypt(aead_id).await.unwrap();
+    let mut decrypted = actor.decrypt(aead_id, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap();
     assert_eq!(*decrypted.read(), plaintext);
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_decrypt_nonexistent_returns_not_found() {
+async fn decrypt_nonexistent_returns_not_found() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
-    let err = actor.decrypt(9999).await.unwrap_err();
+    let err = actor.decrypt(9999, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::NotFound));
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_ciphertext_differs_across_entries() {
+async fn ciphertext_differs_across_entries() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
     let plaintext = b"same content";
     let id1 = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap();
     let id2 = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(plaintext.to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -68,22 +70,22 @@ async fn test_ciphertext_differs_across_entries() {
 
     assert_ne!(row1.ciphertext, row2.ciphertext);
 
-    let mut d1 = actor.decrypt(id1).await.unwrap();
+    let mut d1 = actor.decrypt(id1, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap();
-    let mut d2 = actor.decrypt(id2).await.unwrap();
+    let mut d2 = actor.decrypt(id2, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap();
     assert_eq!(*d1.read(), plaintext);
     assert_eq!(*d2.read(), plaintext);
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]
 #[test_log::test]
-async fn test_nonce_never_reused() {
+async fn nonce_never_reused() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
 
     let n = 5;
     for i in 0..n {
         actor
-            .create_new(SafeCell::new(format!("secret {i}").into_bytes()))
+            .create_new(SafeCell::new(format!("secret {i}").into_bytes()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
             .await
             .unwrap();
     }
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ async fn broken_db_nonce_format_fails_closed() {
     drop(conn);
 
     let err = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"must fail".to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"must fail".to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::BrokenDatabase));
@@ -145,7 +147,7 @@ async fn broken_db_nonce_format_fails_closed() {
     let db = db::create_test_pool().await;
     let mut actor = common::bootstrapped_vault(&db).await;
     let id = actor
-        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"decrypt target".to_vec()))
+        .create_new(SafeCell::new(b"decrypt target".to_vec()), TEST_AAD.to_vec())
         .await
         .unwrap();
     let mut conn = db.get().await.unwrap();
@@ -156,6 +158,6 @@ async fn broken_db_nonce_format_fails_closed() {
         .unwrap();
     drop(conn);
 
-    let err = actor.decrypt(id).await.unwrap_err();
+    let err = actor.decrypt(id, TEST_AAD.to_vec()).await.unwrap_err();
     assert!(matches!(err, Error::BrokenDatabase));
 }